Tryag File Manager

//proc/self/root/usr/share/locale/ru/LC_MESSAGES/coreutils.mo

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  ( EXPRESSION )               EXPRESSION is true
  ! EXPRESSION                 EXPRESSION is false
  EXPRESSION1 -a EXPRESSION2   both EXPRESSION1 and EXPRESSION2 are true
  EXPRESSION1 -o EXPRESSION2   either EXPRESSION1 or EXPRESSION2 is true
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  -1              suppress lines unique to FILE1
  -2              suppress lines unique to FILE2
  -3              suppress lines that appear in both files
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  -a, --all         same as -b -d --login -p -r -t -T -u
  -b, --boot        time of last system boot
  -d, --dead        print dead processes
  -H, --heading     print line of column headings
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  -b FILE     FILE exists and is block special
  -c FILE     FILE exists and is character special
  -d FILE     FILE exists and is a directory
  -e FILE     FILE exists
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  -l              produce long format output for the specified USERs
  -b              omit the user's home directory and shell in long format
  -h              omit the user's project file in long format
  -p              omit the user's plan file in long format
  -s              do short format output, this is the default
�
  -n STRING            the length of STRING is nonzero
  STRING               equivalent to -n STRING
  -z STRING            the length of STRING is zero
  STRING1 = STRING2    the strings are equal
  STRING1 != STRING2   the strings are not equal
�
  ARG1 * ARG2       arithmetic product of ARG1 and ARG2
  ARG1 / ARG2       arithmetic quotient of ARG1 divided by ARG2
  ARG1 % ARG2       arithmetic remainder of ARG1 divided by ARG2
�
  ARG1 + ARG2       arithmetic sum of ARG1 and ARG2
  ARG1 - ARG2       arithmetic difference of ARG1 and ARG2
�
  ARG1 < ARG2       ARG1 is less than ARG2
  ARG1 <= ARG2      ARG1 is less than or equal to ARG2
  ARG1 = ARG2       ARG1 is equal to ARG2
  ARG1 != ARG2      ARG1 is unequal to ARG2
  ARG1 >= ARG2      ARG1 is greater than or equal to ARG2
  ARG1 > ARG2       ARG1 is greater than ARG2
�
  FILE1 -ef FILE2   FILE1 and FILE2 have the same device and inode numbers
  FILE1 -nt FILE2   FILE1 is newer (modification date) than FILE2
  FILE1 -ot FILE2   FILE1 is older than FILE2
�
  INTEGER            copy up to but not including specified line number
  /REGEXP/[OFFSET]   copy up to but not including a matching line
  %REGEXP%[OFFSET]   skip to, but not including a matching line
  {INTEGER}          repeat the previous pattern specified number of times
  {*}                repeat the previous pattern as many times as possible

A line OFFSET is a required `+' or `-' followed by a positive integer.
�
  INTEGER1 -eq INTEGER2   INTEGER1 is equal to INTEGER2
  INTEGER1 -ge INTEGER2   INTEGER1 is greater than or equal to INTEGER2
  INTEGER1 -gt INTEGER2   INTEGER1 is greater than INTEGER2
  INTEGER1 -le INTEGER2   INTEGER1 is less than or equal to INTEGER2
  INTEGER1 -lt INTEGER2   INTEGER1 is less than INTEGER2
  INTEGER1 -ne INTEGER2   INTEGER1 is not equal to INTEGER2
�
  STRING : REGEXP   anchored pattern match of REGEXP in STRING

match STRING REGEXP        same as STRING : REGEXP
  substr STRING POS LENGTH   substring of STRING, POS counted from 1
  index STRING CHARS         index in STRING where any CHARS is found, or 0
  length STRING              length of STRING
�
  a         number all lines
  t         number only nonempty lines
  n         number no lines
  pBRE      number only lines that contain a match for the basic regular
              expression, BRE

FORMAT is one of:

ln   left justified, no leading zeros
  rn   right justified, no leading zeros
  rz   right justified, leading zeros

�
  b      create a block (buffered) special file
  c, u   create a character (unbuffered) special file
  p      create a FIFO
�
# users=%lu
�
-T implied by -l nn when nn <= 10 or <= 3 with -F. With no FILE, or when
FILE is -, read standard input.
�
A field is a run of whitespace, then non-whitespace characters.
Fields are skipped before chars.
�
A lightweight `finger' program;  print user information.
The utmp file will be %s.
�
A mere - implies -i.  If no COMMAND, print the resulting environment.
�
A mere - implies -l.   If USER not given, assume root.
�
After any flags comes an optional field width, as a decimal number;
then an optional modifier, which is either
E to use the locale's alternate representations if available, or
O to use the locale's alternate numeric symbols if available.
�
An omitted EXPRESSION defaults to false.  Otherwise,
EXPRESSION is true or false and sets exit status.  It is one of:
�
As a special case, cp makes a backup of SOURCE when the force and backup
options are given and SOURCE and DEST are the same name for an existing,
regular file.
�
BLOCKS and BYTES may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes:
xM M, c 1, w 2, b 512, kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024,
GB 1000*1000*1000, G 1024*1024*1024, and so on for T, P, E, Z, Y.

Each CONV symbol may be:

�
Beware that many operators need to be escaped or quoted for shells.
Comparisons are arithmetic if both ARGs are numbers, else lexicographical.
Pattern matches return the string matched between $ and $ or null; if
$ and $ are not used, they return the number of characters matched or 0.
�
Both MAJOR and MINOR must be specified when TYPE is b, c, or u, and they
must be omitted when TYPE is p.  If MAJOR or MINOR begins with 0x or 0X,
it is interpreted as hexadecimal; otherwise, if it begins with 0, as octal;
otherwise, as decimal.  TYPE may be:
�
By default, color is not used to distinguish types of files.  That is
equivalent to using --color=none.  Using the --color option without the
optional WHEN argument is equivalent to using --color=always.  With
--color=auto, color codes are output only if standard output is connected
to a terminal (tty).  The environment variable LS_COLORS can influence the
colors, and can be set easily by the dircolors command.
�
By default, rm does not remove directories.  Use the --recursive (-r or -R)
option to remove each listed directory, too, along with all of its contents.
�
By default, selects -v1 -i1 -l1 -sTAB -w6 -nrn -hn -bt -fn.  CC are
two delimiter characters for separating logical pages, a missing
second character implies :.  Type \\ for \.  STYLE is one of:
�
By default, sparse SOURCE files are detected by a crude heuristic and the
corresponding DEST file is made sparse as well.  That is the behavior
selected by --sparse=auto.  Specify --sparse=always to create a sparse DEST
file whenever the SOURCE file contains a long enough sequence of zero bytes.
Use --sparse=never to inhibit creation of sparse files.

�
Combination settings:
 * [-]LCASE      same as [-]lcase
   cbreak        same as -icanon
   -cbreak       same as icanon
�
Control settings:
   [-]clocal     disable modem control signals
   [-]cread      allow input to be received
 * [-]crtscts    enable RTS/CTS handshaking
   csN           set character size to N bits, N in [5..8]
�
Each FLAG symbol may be:

append    append mode (makes sense only for output)
�
Each MODE is of the form `[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+'.
�
Examples:
  %s /usr/bin/sort       Output "sort".
  %s include/stdio.h .h  Output "stdio".
�
Examples:
  %s /usr/bin/sort  Output "/usr/bin".
  %s stdio.h        Output ".".
�
Examples:
  %s f - g  Output f's contents, then standard input, then g's contents.
  %s        Copy standard input to standard output.
�
Examples:
  %s root /u        Change the owner of /u to "root".
  %s root:staff /u  Likewise, but also change its group to "staff".
  %s -hR root /u    Change the owner of /u and subfiles to "root".
�
Examples:
  %s staff /u      Change the group of /u to "staff".
  %s -hR staff /u  Change the group of /u and subfiles to "staff".
�
Except for -h and -L, all FILE-related tests dereference symbolic links.
Beware that parentheses need to be escaped (e.g., by backslashes) for shells.
INTEGER may also be -l STRING, which evaluates to the length of STRING.
�
Exit status is 0 if EXPRESSION is neither null nor 0, 1 if EXPRESSION is null
or 0, 2 if EXPRESSION is syntactically invalid, and 3 if an error occurred.
�
Exit status is 0 if OK, 1 if minor problems, 2 if serious trouble.
�
FORMAT controls the output as in C printf.  Interpreted sequences are:

\"      double quote
  \NNN    character with octal value NNN (1 to 3 digits)
  \\      backslash
�
FORMAT controls the output.  The only valid option for the second form
specifies Coordinated Universal Time.  Interpreted sequences are:

%%   a literal %
  %a   locale's abbreviated weekday name (e.g., Sun)
�
Handle the tty line connected to standard input.  Without arguments,
prints baud rate, line discipline, and deviations from stty sane.  In
settings, CHAR is taken literally, or coded as in ^c, 0x37, 0177 or
127; special values ^- or undef used to disable special characters.
�
If -e is in effect, the following sequences are recognized:

\0NNN   the character whose ASCII code is NNN (octal)
  \\     backslash
  \a     alert (BEL)
  \b     backspace
�
If FILE is -, shred standard output.

Delete FILE(s) if --remove (-u) is specified.  The default is not to remove
the files because it is common to operate on device files like /dev/hda,
and those files usually should not be removed.  When operating on regular
files, most people use the --remove option.

�
If FILE is not specified, use %s.  %s as FILE is common.
If ARG1 ARG2 given, -m presumed: `am i' or `mom likes' are usual.
�
If FILE is specified, read it to determine which colors to use for which
file types and extensions.  Otherwise, a precompiled database is used.
For details on the format of these files, run `dircolors --print-database'.
�
If FIRST or INCREMENT is omitted, it defaults to 1.  That is, an
omitted INCREMENT defaults to 1 even when LAST is smaller than FIRST.
FIRST, INCREMENT, and LAST are interpreted as floating point values.
INCREMENT is usually positive if FIRST is smaller than LAST, and
INCREMENT is usually negative if FIRST is greater than LAST.
When given, the FORMAT argument must contain exactly one of
the printf-style, floating point output formats %e, %f, %g
�
If a FILE is -, copy again to standard output.
�
If first and second call formats both apply, the second format is assumed
if the last operand begins with + or (if there are 2 operands) a digit.
An OFFSET operand means -j OFFSET.  LABEL is the pseudo-address
at first byte printed, incremented when dump is progressing.
For OFFSET and LABEL, a 0x or 0X prefix indicates hexadecimal;
suffixes may be . for octal and b for multiply by 512.

TYPE is made up of one or more of these specifications:

a          named character
  c          ASCII character or backslash escape
�
If no command is given, run ``${SHELL} -i'' (default: /bin/sh).
�
If the first character of N (the number of bytes or lines) is a `+',
print beginning with the Nth item from the start of each file, otherwise,
print the last N items in the file.  N may have a multiplier suffix:
b 512, k 1024, m 1024*1024.

�
Input settings:
   [-]brkint     breaks cause an interrupt signal
   [-]icrnl      translate carriage return to newline
   [-]ignbrk     ignore break characters
   [-]igncr      ignore carriage return
�
Local settings:
   [-]crterase   echo erase characters as backspace-space-backspace
 * crtkill       kill all line by obeying the echoprt and echoe settings
 * -crtkill      kill all line by obeying the echoctl and echok settings
�
N may have a multiplier suffix: b 512, k 1024, m 1024*1024.
�
NOTE: your shell may have its own version of %s, which usually supersedes
the version described here.  Please refer to your shell's documentation
for details about the options it supports.
�
Note that if you use rm to remove a file, it is usually possible to recover
the contents of that file.  If you want more assurance that the contents are
truly unrecoverable, consider using shred.
�
Note that the -d and -t options accept different time-date formats.

If a FILE is -, touch standard output.
�
Optional - before SETTING indicates negation.  An * marks non-POSIX
settings.  The underlying system defines which settings are available.
�
Output settings:
 * bsN           backspace delay style, N in [0..1]
 * crN           carriage return delay style, N in [0..3]
 * ffN           form feed delay style, N in [0..1]
 * nlN           newline delay style, N in [0..1]
�
Owner is unchanged if missing.  Group is unchanged if missing, but changed
to login group if implied by a `:' following a symbolic OWNER.
OWNER and GROUP may be numeric as well as symbolic.
�
POS is F[.C][OPTS], where F is the field number and C the character position
in the field.  OPTS is one or more single-letter ordering options, which
override global ordering options for that key.  If no key is given, use the
entire line as the key.

SIZE may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes:
�
Print the prime factors of all specified integer NUMBERs.  If no arguments
are specified on the command line, they are read from standard input.
�
Print the value of EXPRESSION to standard output.  A blank line below
separates increasing precedence groups.  EXPRESSION may be:

ARG1 | ARG2       ARG1 if it is neither null nor 0, otherwise ARG2

ARG1 & ARG2       ARG1 if neither argument is null or 0, otherwise 0
�
RADIX is d for decimal, o for octal, x for hexadecimal or n for none.
BYTES is hexadecimal with 0x or 0X prefix, it is multiplied by 512
with b suffix, by 1024 with k and by 1048576 with m.  Adding a z suffix to
any type adds a display of printable characters to the end of each line
of output.  �
Read standard input if FILE is -.  Each PATTERN may be:
�
Report bugs to <%s>.
�
SETs are specified as strings of characters.  Most represent themselves.
Interpreted sequences are:

\NNN            character with octal value NNN (1 to 3 octal digits)
  \\              backslash
  \a              audible BEL
  \b              backspace
  \f              form feed
  \n              new line
  \r              return
  \t              horizontal tab
�
SIGNAL may be a signal name like `HUP', or a signal number like `1',
or an exit status of a process terminated by a signal.
PID is an integer; if negative it identifies a process group.
�
SIZE is a number.  For TYPE in doux, SIZE may also be C for
sizeof(char), S for sizeof(short), I for sizeof(int) or L for
sizeof(long).  If TYPE is f, SIZE may also be F for sizeof(float), D
for sizeof(double) or L for sizeof(long double).
�
SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following:
kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.
�
SIZE may have a multiplier suffix: b for 512, k for 1K, m for 1 Meg.
�
Sending a %s signal to a running `dd' process makes it
print I/O statistics to standard error and then resume copying.

$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null& pid=$!
  $ kill -%s $pid; sleep 1; kill $pid
  18335302+0 records in
  18335302+0 records out
  9387674624 bytes (9.4 GB) copied, 34.6279 seconds, 271 MB/s

Options are:

�
Special characters:
 * dsusp CHAR    CHAR will send a terminal stop signal once input flushed
   eof CHAR      CHAR will send an end of file (terminate the input)
   eol CHAR      CHAR will end the line
�
Special settings:
  N             set the input and output speeds to N bauds
 * cols N        tell the kernel that the terminal has N columns
 * columns N     same as cols N
�
The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.
The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through
the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable.  Here are the values:

�
The following two options are useful only when verifying checksums:
      --status            don't output anything, status code shows success
  -w, --warn              warn about improperly formatted checksum lines

�
The sums are computed as described in %s.  When checking, the input
should be a former output of this program.  The default mode is to print
a line with checksum, a character indicating type (`*' for binary, ` ' for
text), and name for each FILE.
�
The valid format sequences for files (without --file-system):

%a   Access rights in octal
  %A   Access rights in human readable form
  %b   Number of blocks allocated (see %B)
  %B   The size in bytes of each block reported by %b
�
This is free software.  You may redistribute copies of it under the terms of
the GNU General Public License <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

�
To remove a file whose name starts with a `-', for example `-foo',
use one of these commands:
  %s -- -foo

%s ./-foo
�
Traditional format specifications may be intermixed; they accumulate:
  -a   same as -t a,  select named characters
  -b   same as -t o1, select octal bytes
  -c   same as -t c,  select ASCII characters or backslash escapes
  -d   same as -t u2, select unsigned decimal 2-byte units
�
Translation occurs if -d is not given and both SET1 and SET2 appear.
-t may be used only when translating.  SET2 is extended to length of
SET1 by repeating its last character as necessary.  �
Unless -t CHAR is given, leading blanks separate fields and are ignored,
else fields are separated by CHAR.  Any FIELD is a field number counted
from 1.  FORMAT is one or more comma or blank separated specifications,
each being `FILENUM.FIELD' or `0'.  Default FORMAT outputs the join field,
the remaining fields from FILE1, the remaining fields from FILE2, all
separated by CHAR.

Important: FILE1 and FILE2 must be sorted on the join fields.
�
Use one, and only one of -b, -c or -f.  Each LIST is made up of one
range, or many ranges separated by commas.  Selected input is written
in the same order that it is read, and is written exactly once.
Each range is one of:

N     N'th byte, character or field, counted from 1
  N-    from N'th byte, character or field, to end of line
  N-M   from N'th to M'th (included) byte, character or field
  -M    from first to M'th (included) byte, character or field

With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
�
With no FILE or if FILE is -, read Standard Input.  `-F /' by default.
�
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
�
With no options, produce three-column output.  Column one contains
lines unique to FILE1, column two contains lines unique to FILE2,
and column three contains lines common to both files.
�
Without any OPTION, print some useful set of identified information.
�
Write an unambiguous representation, octal bytes by default,
of FILE to standard output.  With more than one FILE argument,
concatenate them in the listed order to form the input.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

�                    separate columns by STRING,
                    without -S: Default separator <TAB> with -J and <space>
                    otherwise (same as -S" "), no effect on column options
  -t, --omit-header omit page headers and trailers
�      --backup[=CONTROL]       make a backup of each existing destination file
  -b                           like --backup but does not accept an argument
  -f, --force                  do not prompt before overwriting
  -i, --interactive            prompt before overwrite
�      --backup[=CONTROL]      make a backup of each existing destination file
  -b                          like --backup but does not accept an argument
  -d, -F, --directory         allow the superuser to attempt to hard link
                                directories (note: will probably fail due to
                                system restrictions, even for the superuser)
  -f, --force                 remove existing destination files
�      --backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file
  -b                  like --backup but does not accept an argument
  -c                  (ignored)
  -d, --directory     treat all arguments as directory names; create all
                        components of the specified directories
�      --block-size=SIZE      use SIZE-byte blocks
  -B, --ignore-backups       do not list implied entries ending with ~
  -c                         with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last
                               modification of file status information)
                               with -l: show ctime and sort by name
                               otherwise: sort by ctime
�      --complement        complement the set of selected bytes, characters
                            or fields.
�      --files0-from=F   summarize disk usage of the NUL-terminated file
                          names specified in file F
  -H                    like --si, but also evokes a warning; will soon
                          change to be equivalent to --dereference-args (-D)
  -h, --human-readable  print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
      --si              like -h, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
  -k                    like --block-size=1K
  -l, --count-links     count sizes many times if hard linked
  -m                    like --block-size=1M
�      --from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP
                         change the owner and/or group of each file only if
                         its current owner and/or group match those specified
                         here.  Either may be omitted, in which case a match
                         is not required for the omitted attribute.
�      --help     display this help and exit
�      --indicator-style=WORD append indicator with style WORD to entry names:
                               none (default), slash (-p),
                               file-type (--file-type), classify (-F)
  -i, --inode                with -l, print the index number of each file
  -I, --ignore=PATTERN       do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN
  -k                         like --block-size=1K
�      --lookup      attempt to canonicalize hostnames via DNS
  -m                only hostname and user associated with stdin
  -p, --process     print active processes spawned by init
�      --no-preserve-root  do not treat `/' specially (the default)
      --preserve-root     fail to operate recursively on `/'
�      --no-preserve-root do not treat `/' specially (the default)
      --preserve-root    fail to operate recursively on `/'
�      --no-preserve-root do not treat `/' specially (the default)
      --preserve-root   fail to operate recursively on `/'
  -r, -R, --recursive   remove directories and their contents recursively
  -v, --verbose         explain what is being done
�      --no-preserve=ATTR_LIST  don't preserve the specified attributes
      --parents                use full source file name under DIRECTORY
�      --pid=PID            with -f, terminate after process ID, PID dies
  -q, --quiet, --silent    never output headers giving file names
  -s, --sleep-interval=S   with -f, sleep for approximately S seconds
                           (default 1.0) between iterations.
  -v, --verbose            always output headers giving file names
�      --retry              keep trying to open a file even if it is
                           inaccessible when tail starts or if it becomes
                           inaccessible later; useful when following by name,
                           i.e., with --follow=name
  -c, --bytes=N            output the last N bytes
�      --sparse=WHEN            control creation of sparse files
      --strip-trailing-slashes remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE
                                 argument
�      --strip-trailing-slashes remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE
                                 argument
  -S, --suffix=SUFFIX          override the usual backup suffix
�      --time            show time of the last modification of any file in the
                          directory, or any of its subdirectories
      --time=WORD       show time as WORD instead of modification time:
                          atime, access, use, ctime or status
      --time-style=STYLE show times using style STYLE:
                          full-iso, long-iso, iso, +FORMAT
                          FORMAT is interpreted like `date'
�      --time-style=STYLE     with -l, show times using style STYLE:
                             full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, +FORMAT.
                             FORMAT is interpreted like `date'; if FORMAT is
                             FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, FORMAT1 applies to
                             non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files;
                             if STYLE is prefixed with `posix-', STYLE
                             takes effect only outside the POSIX locale
  -t                         sort by modification time
  -T, --tabsize=COLS         assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8
�      --verbose           print a diagnostic to standard error just
                            before each output file is opened
�      --version  output version information and exit
�     Size   Used  Avail Use%%�    Inodes   IUsed   IFree IUse%%�    Size  Used Avail Use%%�   -evenp        same as -parenb cs8
 * [-]lcase      same as xcase iuclc olcuc
   litout        same as -parenb -istrip -opost cs8
   -litout       same as parenb istrip opost cs7
   nl            same as -icrnl -onlcr
   -nl           same as icrnl -inlcr -igncr onlcr -ocrnl -onlret
�   [-]cstopb     use two stop bits per character (one with `-')
   [-]hup        send a hangup signal when the last process closes the tty
   [-]hupcl      same as [-]hup
   [-]parenb     generate parity bit in output and expect parity bit in input
   [-]parodd     set odd parity (even with `-')
�   [-]ignpar     ignore characters with parity errors
 * [-]imaxbel    beep and do not flush a full input buffer on a character
   [-]inlcr      translate newline to carriage return
   [-]inpck      enable input parity checking
   [-]istrip     clear high (8th) bit of input characters
�   [-]isig       enable interrupt, quit, and suspend special characters
   [-]noflsh     disable flushing after interrupt and quit special characters
 * [-]prterase   same as [-]echoprt
 * [-]tostop     stop background jobs that try to write to the terminal
 * [-]xcase      with icanon, escape with `\' for uppercase characters
�   cooked        same as brkint ignpar istrip icrnl ixon opost isig
                 icanon, eof and eol characters to their default values
   -cooked       same as raw
   crt           same as echoe echoctl echoke
�   dec           same as echoe echoctl echoke -ixany intr ^c erase 0177
                 kill ^u
 * [-]decctlq    same as [-]ixany
   ek            erase and kill characters to their default values
   evenp         same as parenb -parodd cs7
�   ispeed N      set the input speed to N
 * line N        use line discipline N
   min N         with -icanon, set N characters minimum for a completed read
   ospeed N      set the output speed to N
�   oddp          same as parenb parodd cs7
   -oddp         same as -parenb cs8
   [-]parity     same as [-]evenp
   pass8         same as -parenb -istrip cs8
   -pass8        same as parenb istrip cs7
�   raw           same as -ignbrk -brkint -ignpar -parmrk -inpck -istrip
                 -inlcr -igncr -icrnl  -ixon  -ixoff  -iuclc  -ixany
                 -imaxbel -opost -isig -icanon -xcase min 1 time 0
   -raw          same as cooked
�   sane          same as cread -ignbrk brkint -inlcr -igncr icrnl -iutf8
                 -ixoff -iuclc -ixany imaxbel opost -olcuc -ocrnl onlcr
                 -onocr -onlret -ofill -ofdel nl0 cr0 tab0 bs0 vt0 ff0
                 isig icanon iexten echo echoe echok -echonl -noflsh
                 -xcase -tostop -echoprt echoctl echoke, all special
                 characters to their default values.
�   stop CHAR     CHAR will stop the output
   susp CHAR     CHAR will send a terminal stop signal
 * swtch CHAR    CHAR will switch to a different shell layer
 * werase CHAR   CHAR will erase the last word typed
�  %%      a single %
  %b      ARGUMENT as a string with `\' escapes interpreted,
            except that octal escapes are of the form \0 or \0NNN

and all C format specifications ending with one of diouxXfeEgGcs, with
ARGUMENTs converted to proper type first.  Variable widths are handled.
�  %A   locale's full weekday name (e.g., Sunday)
  %b   locale's abbreviated month name (e.g., Jan)
  %B   locale's full month name (e.g., January)
  %c   locale's date and time (e.g., Thu Mar  3 23:05:25 2005)
�  %C   century; like %Y, except omit last two digits (e.g., 21)
  %d   day of month (e.g, 01)
  %D   date; same as %m/%d/%y
  %e   day of month, space padded; same as %_d
�  %F   full date; same as %Y-%m-%d
  %g   last two digits of year of ISO week number (see %G)
  %G   year of ISO week number (see %V); normally useful only with %V
�  %S   second (00..60)
  %t   a tab
  %T   time; same as %H:%M:%S
  %u   day of week (1..7); 1 is Monday
�  %U   week number of year, with Sunday as first day of week (00..53)
  %V   ISO week number, with Monday as first day of week (01..53)
  %w   day of week (0..6); 0 is Sunday
  %W   week number of year, with Monday as first day of week (00..53)
�  %d   Device number in decimal
  %D   Device number in hex
  %f   Raw mode in hex
  %F   File type
  %g   Group ID of owner
  %G   Group name of owner
�  %h   Number of hard links
  %i   Inode number
  %n   File name
  %N   Quoted file name with dereference if symbolic link
  %o   I/O block size
  %s   Total size, in bytes
  %t   Major device type in hex
  %T   Minor device type in hex
�  %h   same as %b
  %H   hour (00..23)
  %I   hour (01..12)
  %j   day of year (001..366)
�  %i   File System ID in hex
  %l   Maximum length of filenames
  %n   File name
  %s   Block size (for faster transfers)
  %S   Fundamental block size (for block counts)
  %t   Type in hex
  %T   Type in human readable form
�  %k   hour ( 0..23)
  %l   hour ( 1..12)
  %m   month (01..12)
  %M   minute (00..59)
�  %n   a newline
  %N   nanoseconds (000000000..999999999)
  %p   locale's equivalent of either AM or PM; blank if not known
  %P   like %p, but lower case
  %r   locale's 12-hour clock time (e.g., 11:11:04 PM)
  %R   24-hour hour and minute; same as %H:%M
  %s   seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC
�  %u   User ID of owner
  %U   User name of owner
  %x   Time of last access
  %X   Time of last access as seconds since Epoch
  %y   Time of last modification
  %Y   Time of last modification as seconds since Epoch
  %z   Time of last change
  %Z   Time of last change as seconds since Epoch

�  %x   locale's date representation (e.g., 12/31/99)
  %X   locale's time representation (e.g., 23:13:48)
  %y   last two digits of year (00..99)
  %Y   year
�  %z   +hhmm numeric timezone (e.g., -0400)
  %:z  +hh:mm numeric timezone (e.g., -04:00)
  %::z  +hh:mm:ss numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00:00)
  %:::z  numeric time zone with : to necessary precision (e.g., -04, +05:30)
  %Z   alphabetic time zone abbreviation (e.g., EDT)

By default, date pads numeric fields with zeroes.
The following optional flags may follow `%':

- (hyphen) do not pad the field
  _ (underscore) pad with spaces
  0 (zero) pad with zeros
  ^ use upper case if possible
  # use opposite case if possible
�  + TOKEN                    interpret TOKEN as a string, even if it is a
                               keyword like `match' or an operator like `/'

( EXPRESSION )             value of EXPRESSION
�  +FIRST_PAGE[:LAST_PAGE], --pages=FIRST_PAGE[:LAST_PAGE]
                    begin [stop] printing with page FIRST_[LAST_]PAGE
  -COLUMN, --columns=COLUMN
                    output COLUMN columns and print columns down,
                    unless -a is used. Balance number of lines in the
                    columns on each page.
�  -A, --address-radix=RADIX   decide how file offsets are printed
  -j, --skip-bytes=BYTES      skip BYTES input bytes first
�  -A, --auto-reference           output automatically generated references
  -C, --copyright                display Copyright and copying conditions
  -G, --traditional              behave more like System V `ptx'
  -F, --flag-truncation=STRING   use STRING for flagging line truncations
�  -C                         list entries by columns
      --color[=WHEN]         control whether color is used to distinguish file
                               types.  WHEN may be `never', `always', or `auto'
  -d, --directory            list directory entries instead of contents,
                               and do not dereference symbolic links
  -D, --dired                generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode
�  -D                  create all leading components of DEST except the last,
                        then copy SOURCE to DEST
  -g, --group=GROUP   set group ownership, instead of process' current group
  -m, --mode=MODE     set permission mode (as in chmod), instead of rwxr-xr-x
  -o, --owner=OWNER   set ownership (super-user only)
�  -D, --all-repeated[=delimit-method] print all duplicate lines
                        delimit-method={none(default),prepend,separate}
                        Delimiting is done with blank lines.
  -f, --skip-fields=N   avoid comparing the first N fields
  -i, --ignore-case     ignore differences in case when comparing
  -s, --skip-chars=N    avoid comparing the first N characters
  -u, --unique          only print unique lines
�  -D, --date-format=FORMAT
                    use FORMAT for the header date
  -e[CHAR[WIDTH]], --expand-tabs[=CHAR[WIDTH]]
                    expand input CHARs (TABs) to tab WIDTH (8)
  -F, -f, --form-feed
                    use form feeds instead of newlines to separate pages
                    (by a 3-line page header with -F or a 5-line header
                    and trailer without -F)
�  -L FILE     FILE exists and is a symbolic link (same as -h)
  -O FILE     FILE exists and is owned by the effective user ID
  -p FILE     FILE exists and is a named pipe
  -r FILE     FILE exists and read permission is granted
  -s FILE     FILE exists and has a size greater than zero
�  -L, --dereference     dereference all symbolic links
  -P, --no-dereference  don't follow any symbolic links (this is the default)
  -0, --null            end each output line with 0 byte rather than newline
  -S, --separate-dirs   do not include size of subdirectories
  -s, --summarize       display only a total for each argument
�  -L, --max-line-length  print the length of the longest line
  -w, --words            print the word counts
�  -M, --macro-name=STRING        macro name to use instead of `xx'
  -O, --format=roff              generate output as roff directives
  -R, --right-side-refs          put references at right, not counted in -w
  -S, --sentence-regexp=REGEXP   for end of lines or end of sentences
  -T, --format=tex               generate output as TeX directives
�  -N, --read-bytes=BYTES      limit dump to BYTES input bytes
  -S, --strings[=BYTES]       output strings of at least BYTES graphic chars
  -t, --format=TYPE           select output format or formats
  -v, --output-duplicates     do not use * to mark line suppression
  -w, --width[=BYTES]         output BYTES bytes per output line
      --traditional           accept arguments in traditional form
�  -P, --no-dereference         never follow symbolic links
�  -P, --portability     use the POSIX output format
      --sync            invoke sync before getting usage info
  -t, --type=TYPE       limit listing to file systems of type TYPE
  -T, --print-type      print file system type
  -x, --exclude-type=TYPE   limit listing to file systems not of type TYPE
  -v                    (ignored)
�  -R, -r, --recursive          copy directories recursively
      --remove-destination     remove each existing destination file before
                                 attempting to open it (contrast with --force)
�  -S                         sort by file size
      --sort=WORD            extension -X, none -U, size -S, time -t,
                             version -v, status -c, time -t, atime -u,
                             access -u, use -u
      --time=WORD            with -l, show time as WORD instead of modification
                             time: atime, access, use, ctime or status; use
                             specified time as sort key if --sort=time
�  -S FILE     FILE exists and is a socket
  -t FD       file descriptor FD is opened on a terminal
  -u FILE     FILE exists and its set-user-ID bit is set
  -w FILE     FILE exists and write permission is granted
  -x FILE     FILE exists and execute (or search) permission is granted
�  -S, --suffix=SUFFIX         override the usual backup suffix
  -t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY  specify the DIRECTORY in which to create
                                the links
  -T, --no-target-directory   treat LINK_NAME as a normal file
  -v, --verbose               print name of each file before linking
�  -SSTRING, --sep-string[=STRING]
�  -T, --omit-pagination
                    omit page headers and trailers, eliminate any pagination
                    by form feeds set in input files
  -v, --show-nonprinting
                    use octal backslash notation
  -w PAGE_WIDTH, --width=PAGE_WIDTH
                    set page width to PAGE_WIDTH (72) characters for
                    multiple text-column output only, -s[char] turns off (72)
�  -T, -w, --mesg    add user's message status as +, - or ?
  -u, --users       list users logged in
      --message     same as -T
      --writable    same as -T
�  -W PAGE_WIDTH, --page-width=PAGE_WIDTH
                    set page width to PAGE_WIDTH (72) characters always,
                    truncate lines, except -J option is set, no interference
                    with -S or -s
�  -W, --word-regexp=REGEXP       use REGEXP to match each keyword
  -b, --break-file=FILE          word break characters in this FILE
  -f, --ignore-case              fold lower case to upper case for sorting
  -g, --gap-size=NUMBER          gap size in columns between output fields
  -i, --ignore-file=FILE         read ignore word list from FILE
  -o, --only-file=FILE           read only word list from this FILE
�  -a                     change only the access time
  -c, --no-create        do not create any files
  -d, --date=STRING      parse STRING and use it instead of current time
  -f                     (ignored)
  -m                     change only the modification time
�  -a, --across      print columns across rather than down, used together
                    with -COLUMN
  -c, --show-control-chars
                    use hat notation (^G) and octal backslash notation
  -d, --double-space
                    double space the output
�  -a, --all                  do not ignore entries starting with .
  -A, --almost-all           do not list implied . and ..
      --author               with -l, print the author of each file
  -b, --escape               print octal escapes for nongraphic characters
�  -a, --all             include dummy file systems
  -B, --block-size=SIZE use SIZE-byte blocks
  -h, --human-readable  print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
  -H, --si              likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
�  -a, --all             write counts for all files, not just directories
      --apparent-size   print apparent sizes, rather than disk usage; although
                          the apparent size is usually smaller, it may be
                          larger due to holes in (`sparse') files, internal
                          fragmentation, indirect blocks, and the like
  -B, --block-size=SIZE use SIZE-byte blocks
  -b, --bytes           equivalent to `--apparent-size --block-size=1'
  -c, --total           produce a grand total
  -D, --dereference-args  dereference FILEs that are symbolic links
�  -a, --all        convert all blanks, instead of just initial blanks
      --first-only convert only leading sequences of blanks (overrides -a)
  -t, --tabs=N     have tabs N characters apart instead of 8 (enables -a)
  -t, --tabs=LIST  use comma separated LIST of tab positions (enables -a)
�  -a, --archive                same as -dpR
      --backup[=CONTROL]       make a backup of each existing destination file
  -b                           like --backup but does not accept an argument
      --copy-contents          copy contents of special files when recursive
  -d                           same as --no-dereference --preserve=link
�  -a, --suffix-length=N   use suffixes of length N (default %d)
  -b, --bytes=SIZE        put SIZE bytes per output file
  -C, --line-bytes=SIZE   put at most SIZE bytes of lines per output file
  -d, --numeric-suffixes  use numeric suffixes instead of alphabetic
  -l, --lines=NUMBER      put NUMBER lines per output file
�  -b, --before             attach the separator before instead of after
  -r, --regex              interpret the separator as a regular expression
  -s, --separator=STRING   use STRING as the separator instead of newline
�  -b, --binary            read in binary mode
�  -b, --binary            read in binary mode (default unless reading tty stdin)
�  -b, --body-numbering=STYLE      use STYLE for numbering body lines
  -d, --section-delimiter=CC      use CC for separating logical pages
  -f, --footer-numbering=STYLE    use STYLE for numbering footer lines
�  -b, --bytes         count bytes rather than columns
  -s, --spaces        break at spaces
  -w, --width=WIDTH   use WIDTH columns instead of 80
�  -b, --bytes=LIST        select only these bytes
  -c, --characters=LIST   select only these characters
  -d, --delimiter=DELIM   use DELIM instead of TAB for field delimiter
�  -b, --ignore-leading-blanks  ignore leading blanks
  -d, --dictionary-order      consider only blanks and alphanumeric characters
  -f, --ignore-case           fold lower case to upper case characters
�  -b, --suffix-format=FORMAT use sprintf FORMAT instead of %02d
  -f, --prefix=PREFIX        use PREFIX instead of `xx'
  -k, --keep-files           do not remove output files on errors
�  -c  --format=FORMAT   use the specified FORMAT instead of the default;
                          output a newline after each use of FORMAT
      --printf=FORMAT   like --format, but interpret backslash escapes,
                          and do not output a mandatory trailing newline.
                          If you want a newline, include \n in FORMAT.
  -t, --terse           print the information in terse form
�  -c, --bytes=[-]N         print the first N bytes of each file;
                             with the leading `-', print all but the last
                             N bytes of each file
  -n, --lines=[-]N         print the first N lines instead of the first 10;
                             with the leading `-', print all but the last
                             N lines of each file
�  -c, --check             read %s sums from the FILEs and check them
�  -c, --count           prefix lines by the number of occurrences
  -d, --repeated        only print duplicate lines
�  -c, --crown-margin        preserve indentation of first two lines
  -p, --prefix=STRING       reformat only lines beginning with STRING,
                              reattaching the prefix to reformatted lines
  -s, --split-only          split long lines, but do not refill
�  -d, --delimiters=LIST   reuse characters from LIST instead of TABs
  -s, --serial            paste one file at a time instead of in parallel
�  -e             enable interpretation of backslash escapes
  -E             disable interpretation of backslash escapes (default)
�  -e             enable interpretation of backslash escapes (default)
  -E             disable interpretation of backslash escapes
�  -f                         do not sort, enable -aU, disable -lst
  -F, --classify             append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries
      --file-type            likewise, except do not append `*'
      --format=WORD          across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l,
                               single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C
      --full-time            like -l --time-style=full-iso
�  -f              omit the line of column headings in short format
  -w              omit the user's full name in short format
  -i              omit the user's full name and remote host in short format
  -q              omit the user's full name, remote host and idle time
                  in short format
�  -f   same as -t fF, select floats
  -i   same as -t dI, select decimal ints
  -l   same as -t dL, select decimal longs
  -o   same as -t o2, select octal 2-byte units
  -s   same as -t d2, select decimal 2-byte units
  -x   same as -t x2, select hexadecimal 2-byte units
�  -f FILE     FILE exists and is a regular file
  -g FILE     FILE exists and is set-group-ID
  -G FILE     FILE exists and is owned by the effective group ID
  -h FILE     FILE exists and is a symbolic link (same as -L)
  -k FILE     FILE exists and has its sticky bit set
�  -f, --canonicalize            canonicalize by following every symlink in
                                every component of the given name recursively;
                                all but the last component must exist
  -e, --canonicalize-existing   canonicalize by following every symlink in
                                every component of the given name recursively,
                                all components must exist
  -m, --canonicalize-missing    canonicalize by following every symlink in
                                every component of the given name recursively,
                                without requirements on components existence
  -n, --no-newline              do not output the trailing newline
  -q, --quiet,
  -s, --silent                  suppress most error messages
  -v, --verbose                 report error messages
�  -f, --fields=LIST       select only these fields;  also print any line
                            that contains no delimiter character, unless
                            the -s option is specified
  -n                      (ignored)
�  -f, --follow[={name|descriptor}]
                           output appended data as the file grows;
                           -f, --follow, and --follow=descriptor are
                           equivalent
  -F                       same as --follow=name --retry
�  -f, --force                  if an existing destination file cannot be
                                 opened, remove it and try again
  -i, --interactive            prompt before overwrite
  -H                           follow command-line symbolic links
�  -f, --force    change permissions to allow writing if necessary
  -n, --iterations=N  Overwrite N times instead of the default (%d)
  -s, --size=N   shred this many bytes (suffixes like K, M, G accepted)
�  -f, --silent, --quiet   suppress most error messages
  -v, --verbose           output a diagnostic for every file processed
      --reference=RFILE   use RFILE's mode instead of MODE values
  -R, --recursive         change files and directories recursively
�  -f, --silent, --quiet  suppress most error messages
      --reference=RFILE  use RFILE's group rather than the specifying
                         GROUP value
  -R, --recursive        operate on files and directories recursively
  -v, --verbose          output a diagnostic for every file processed

�  -f, --silent, --quiet  suppress most error messages
      --reference=RFILE  use RFILE's owner and group rather than
                         the specifying OWNER:GROUP values
  -R, --recursive        operate on files and directories recursively
  -v, --verbose          output a diagnostic for every file processed

�  -g                         like -l, but do not list owner
  -G, --no-group             like -l, but do not list group
  -h, --human-readable       with -l, print sizes in human readable format
                               (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
      --si                   likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
  -H, --dereference-command-line
                             follow symbolic links listed on the command line
      --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir
                             follow each command line symbolic link
                             that points to a directory
      --hide=PATTERN         do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN
                               (overridden by -a or -A)
�  -g, --general-numeric-sort  compare according to general numerical value
  -i, --ignore-nonprinting    consider only printable characters
  -M, --month-sort            compare (unknown) < `JAN' < ... < `DEC'
  -n, --numeric-sort          compare according to string numerical value
  -r, --reverse               reverse the result of comparisons

�  -h HEADER, --header=HEADER
                    use a centered HEADER instead of filename in page header,
                    -h "" prints a blank line, don't use -h""
  -i[CHAR[WIDTH]], --output-tabs[=CHAR[WIDTH]]
                    replace spaces with CHARs (TABs) to tab WIDTH (8)
  -J, --join-lines  merge full lines, turns off -W line truncation, no column
                    alignment, --sep-string[=STRING] sets separators
�  -h, --header-numbering=STYLE    use STYLE for numbering header lines
  -i, --page-increment=NUMBER     line number increment at each line
  -l, --join-blank-lines=NUMBER   group of NUMBER empty lines counted as one
  -n, --number-format=FORMAT      insert line numbers according to FORMAT
  -p, --no-renumber               do not reset line numbers at logical pages
  -s, --number-separator=STRING   add STRING after (possible) line number
�  -h, --no-dereference   affect each symbolic link instead of any referenced
                         file (useful only on systems that can change the
                         ownership of a symlink)
�  -i, --ignore-case ignore differences in case when comparing fields
  -j FIELD          equivalent to `-1 FIELD -2 FIELD'
  -o FORMAT         obey FORMAT while constructing output line
  -t CHAR           use CHAR as input and output field separator
�  -i, --initial       do not convert tabs after non blanks
  -t, --tabs=NUMBER   have tabs NUMBER characters apart, not 8
�  -i, --inodes          list inode information instead of block usage
  -k                    like --block-size=1K
  -l, --local           limit listing to local file systems
      --no-sync         do not invoke sync before getting usage info (default)
�  -l                         use a long listing format
  -L, --dereference          when showing file information for a symbolic
                               link, show information for the file the link
                               references rather than for the link itself
  -m                         fill width with a comma separated list of entries
�  -l PAGE_LENGTH, --length=PAGE_LENGTH
                    set the page length to PAGE_LENGTH (66) lines
                    (default number of lines of text 56, and with -F 63)
  -m, --merge       print all files in parallel, one in each column,
                    truncate lines, but join lines of full length with -J
�  -l, --link                   link files instead of copying
  -L, --dereference            always follow symbolic links
�  -l, --login       print system login processes
�  -m, --mode=MODE   set permission mode (as in chmod), not a=rw - umask
�  -m, --mode=MODE   set permission mode (as in chmod), not rwxrwxrwx - umask
  -p, --parents     no error if existing, make parent directories as needed
  -v, --verbose     print a message for each created directory
�  -n, --digits=DIGITS        use specified number of digits instead of 2
  -s, --quiet, --silent      do not print counts of output file sizes
  -z, --elide-empty-files    remove empty output files
�  -n, --lines=N            output the last N lines, instead of the last %d
      --max-unchanged-stats=N
                           with --follow=name, reopen a FILE which has not
                           changed size after N (default %d) iterations
                           to see if it has been unlinked or renamed
                           (this is the usual case of rotated log files)
�  -n, --no-dereference        treat destination that is a symlink to a
                                directory as if it were a normal file
  -i, --interactive           prompt whether to remove destinations
  -s, --symbolic              make symbolic links instead of hard links
�  -n, --numeric-uid-gid      like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs
  -N, --literal              print raw entry names (don't treat e.g. control
                               characters specially)
  -o                         like -l, but do not list group information
  -p, --indicator-style=slash
                             append / indicator to directories
�  -n[SEP[DIGITS]], --number-lines[=SEP[DIGITS]]
                    number lines, use DIGITS (5) digits, then SEP (TAB),
                    default counting starts with 1st line of input file
  -N NUMBER, --first-line-number=NUMBER
                    start counting with NUMBER at 1st line of first
                    page printed (see +FIRST_PAGE)
�  -o MARGIN, --indent=MARGIN
                    offset each line with MARGIN (zero) spaces, do not
                    affect -w or -W, MARGIN will be added to PAGE_WIDTH
  -r, --no-file-warnings
                    omit warning when a file cannot be opened
�  -p                           same as --preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps
      --preserve[=ATTR_LIST]   preserve the specified attributes (default:
                                 mode,ownership,timestamps), if possible
                                 additional attributes: links, all
�  -p, --parents   Remove DIRECTORY and its ancestors.  E.g., `rmdir -p a/b/c' is
                  similar to `rmdir a/b/c a/b a'.
  -v, --verbose   output a diagnostic for every directory processed
�  -p, --preserve-timestamps   apply access/modification times of SOURCE files
                        to corresponding destination files
  -s, --strip         strip symbol tables
  -S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix
  -t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY  copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY
  -T, --no-target-directory  treat DEST as a normal file
  -v, --verbose       print the name of each directory as it is created
�  -q, --count       all login names and number of users logged on
  -r, --runlevel    print current runlevel
  -s, --short       print only name, line, and time (default)
  -t, --time        print last system clock change
�  -q, --hide-control-chars   print ? instead of non graphic characters
      --show-control-chars   show non graphic characters as-is (default
                             unless program is `ls' and output is a terminal)
  -Q, --quote-name           enclose entry names in double quotes
      --quoting-style=WORD   use quoting style WORD for entry names:
                               literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape
�  -q, --quiet, --silent    never print headers giving file names
  -v, --verbose            always print headers giving file names
�  -r, --reference=FILE      display the last modification time of FILE
  -R, --rfc-2822            output date and time in RFC 2822 format
      --rfc-3339=TIMESPEC   output date and time in RFC 3339 format.
                            TIMESPEC=`date', `seconds', or `ns' for
                            date and time to the indicated precision.
  -s, --set=STRING          set time described by STRING
  -u, --utc, --universal    print or set Coordinated Universal Time
�  -r, --reference=FILE   use this file's times instead of current time
  -t STAMP               use [[CC]YY]MMDDhhmm[.ss] instead of current time
  --time=WORD            change the specified time:
                           WORD is access, atime, or use: equivalent to -a
                           WORD is modify or mtime: equivalent to -m
�  -r, --references               first field of each line is a reference
  -t, --typeset-mode               - not implemented -
  -w, --width=NUMBER             output width in columns, reference excluded
�  -r, --reverse              reverse order while sorting
  -R, --recursive            list subdirectories recursively
  -s, --size                 with -l, print size of each file, in blocks
�  -s, --only-delimited    do not print lines not containing delimiters
      --output-delimiter=STRING  use STRING as the output delimiter
                            the default is to use the input delimiter
�  -s, --signal=SIGNAL, -SIGNAL
                   specify the name or number of the signal to be sent
  -l, --list       list signal names, or convert signal names to/from numbers
  -t, --table      print a table of signal information
�  -s, --symbolic-link          make symbolic links instead of copying
  -S, --suffix=SUFFIX          override the usual backup suffix
  -t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY  copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY
  -T, --no-target-directory    treat DEST as a normal file
�  -s[CHAR],--separator[=CHAR]
                    separate columns by a single character, default for CHAR
                    is the <TAB> character without -w and 'no char' with -w
                    -s[CHAR] turns off line truncation of all 3 column
                    options (-COLUMN|-a -COLUMN|-m) except -w is set
�  -t                       equivalent to -vT
  -T, --show-tabs          display TAB characters as ^I
  -u                       (ignored)
  -v, --show-nonprinting   use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB
�  -t, --field-separator=SEP  use SEP instead of non-blank to blank transition
  -T, --temporary-directory=DIR  use DIR for temporaries, not $TMPDIR or %s;
                              multiple options specify multiple directories
  -u, --unique              with -c, check for strict ordering;
                              without -c, output only the first of an equal run
�  -t, --tabs=LIST     use comma separated list of explicit tab positions
�  -t, --tagged-paragraph    indentation of first line different from second
  -u, --uniform-spacing     one space between words, two after sentences
  -w, --width=WIDTH         maximum line width (default of 75 columns)
�  -t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY  move all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY
  -T, --no-target-directory    treat DEST as a normal file
  -u, --update                 move only when the SOURCE file is newer
                                 than the destination file or when the
                                 destination file is missing
  -v, --verbose                explain what is being done
�  -t, --text              read in text mode (default if reading tty stdin)
�  -t, --text              read in text mode (default)
�  -u                         with -lt: sort by, and show, access time
                               with -l: show access time and sort by name
                               otherwise: sort by access time
  -U                         do not sort; list entries in directory order
  -v                         sort by version
�  -u, --remove   truncate and remove file after overwriting
  -v, --verbose  show progress
  -x, --exact    do not round file sizes up to the next full block;
                   this is the default for non-regular files
  -z, --zero     add a final overwrite with zeros to hide shredding
�  -u, --update                 copy only when the SOURCE file is newer
                                 than the destination file or when the
                                 destination file is missing
  -v, --verbose                explain what is being done
  -x, --one-file-system        stay on this file system
�  -v FILENUM        like -a FILENUM, but suppress joined output lines
  -1 FIELD          join on this FIELD of file 1
  -2 FIELD          join on this FIELD of file 2
�  -v, --first-page=NUMBER         first line number on each logical page
  -w, --number-width=NUMBER       use NUMBER columns for line numbers
�  -v, --kernel-version     print the kernel version
  -m, --machine            print the machine hardware name
  -p, --processor          print the processor type or "unknown"
  -i, --hardware-platform  print the hardware platform or "unknown"
  -o, --operating-system   print the operating system
�  -w, --check-chars=N   compare no more than N characters in lines
�  -w, --width=COLS           assume screen width instead of current value
  -x                         list entries by lines instead of by columns
  -X                         sort alphabetically by entry extension
  -1                         list one file per line
�  -x, --one-file-system  skip directories on different file systems
  -X FILE, --exclude-from=FILE  Exclude files that match any pattern in FILE.
      --exclude=PATTERN Exclude files that match PATTERN.
      --max-depth=N     print the total for a directory (or file, with --all)
                          only if it is N or fewer levels below the command
                          line argument;  --max-depth=0 is the same as
                          --summarize
�  -z, --zero-terminated     end lines with 0 byte, not newline
�  [:graph:]       all printable characters, not including space
  [:lower:]       all lower case letters
  [:print:]       all printable characters, including space
  [:punct:]       all punctuation characters
  [:space:]       all horizontal or vertical whitespace
  [:upper:]       all upper case letters
  [:xdigit:]      all hexadecimal digits
  [=CHAR=]        all characters which are equivalent to CHAR
�  \a      alert (BEL)
  \b      backspace
  \c      produce no further output
  \f      form feed
�  \c     suppress trailing newline
  \f     form feed
  \n     new line
  \r     carriage return
  \t     horizontal tab
  \v     vertical tab
�  \n      new line
  \r      carriage return
  \t      horizontal tab
  \v      vertical tab
�  \v              vertical tab
  CHAR1-CHAR2     all characters from CHAR1 to CHAR2 in ascending order
  [CHAR*]         in SET2, copies of CHAR until length of SET1
  [CHAR*REPEAT]   REPEAT copies of CHAR, REPEAT octal if starting with 0
  [:alnum:]       all letters and digits
  [:alpha:]       all letters
  [:blank:]       all horizontal whitespace
  [:cntrl:]       all control characters
  [:digit:]       all digits
�  \xHH    byte with hexadecimal value HH (1 to 2 digits)
  \uHHHH  Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character with hex value HHHH (4 digits)
  \UHHHHHHHH  Unicode character with hex value HHHHHHHH (8 digits)
�  ascii     from EBCDIC to ASCII
  ebcdic    from ASCII to EBCDIC
  ibm       from ASCII to alternate EBCDIC
  block     pad newline-terminated records with spaces to cbs-size
  unblock   replace trailing spaces in cbs-size records with newline
  lcase     change upper case to lower case
�  binary    use binary I/O for data
�  d[SIZE]    signed decimal, SIZE bytes per integer
  f[SIZE]    floating point, SIZE bytes per integer
  o[SIZE]    octal, SIZE bytes per integer
  u[SIZE]    unsigned decimal, SIZE bytes per integer
  x[SIZE]    hexadecimal, SIZE bytes per integer
�  direct    use direct I/O for data
�  dsync     use synchronized I/O for data
�  if=FILE         read from FILE instead of stdin
  iflag=FLAGS     read as per the comma separated symbol list
  obs=BYTES       write BYTES bytes at a time
  of=FILE         write to FILE instead of stdout
  oflag=FLAGS     write as per the comma separated symbol list
  seek=BLOCKS     skip BLOCKS obs-sized blocks at start of output
  skip=BLOCKS     skip BLOCKS ibs-sized blocks at start of input
  status=noxfer   suppress transfer statistics
�  nocreat   do not create the output file
  excl      fail if the output file already exists
  notrunc   do not truncate the output file
  ucase     change lower case to upper case
  swab      swap every pair of input bytes
  noerror   continue after read errors
  sync      pad every input block with NULs to ibs-size; when used
              with block or unblock, pad with spaces rather than NULs
  fdatasync physically write output file data before finishing
  fsync     likewise, but also write metadata
�  noctty    do not assign controlling terminal from file
�  nofollow  do not follow symlinks
�  nonblock  use non-blocking I/O
�  none, off       never make backups (even if --backup is given)
  numbered, t     make numbered backups
  existing, nil   numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise
  simple, never   always make simple backups
�  sync      likewise, but also for metadata
�  text      use text I/O for data
� %2d:%02d%s  up � %4s-blocks      Used Available Capacity� %4s-blocks      Used Available Use%%� (backup: %s)� * [-]ctlecho    echo control characters in hat notation (`^c')
   [-]echo       echo input characters
 * [-]echoctl    same as [-]ctlecho
   [-]echoe      same as [-]crterase
   [-]echok      echo a newline after a kill character
� * [-]echoke     same as [-]crtkill
   [-]echonl     echo newline even if not echoing other characters
 * [-]echoprt    echo erased characters backward, between `\' and '/'
   [-]icanon     enable erase, kill, werase, and rprnt special characters
   [-]iexten     enable non-POSIX special characters
� * [-]iuclc      translate uppercase characters to lowercase
 * [-]ixany      let any character restart output, not only start character
   [-]ixoff      enable sending of start/stop characters
   [-]ixon       enable XON/XOFF flow control
   [-]parmrk     mark parity errors (with a 255-0-character sequence)
   [-]tandem     same as [-]ixoff
� * [-]iutf8      assume input characters are UTF-8 encoded
� * [-]ocrnl      translate carriage return to newline
 * [-]ofdel      use delete characters for fill instead of null characters
 * [-]ofill      use fill (padding) characters instead of timing for delays
 * [-]olcuc      translate lowercase characters to uppercase
 * [-]onlcr      translate newline to carriage return-newline
 * [-]onlret     newline performs a carriage return
� * [-]onocr      do not print carriage returns in the first column
   [-]opost      postprocess output
 * tabN          horizontal tab delay style, N in [0..3]
 * tabs          same as tab0
 * -tabs         same as tab3
 * vtN           vertical tab delay style, N in [0..1]
� * eol2 CHAR     alternate CHAR for ending the line
   erase CHAR    CHAR will erase the last character typed
   intr CHAR     CHAR will send an interrupt signal
   kill CHAR     CHAR will erase the current line
� * lnext CHAR    CHAR will enter the next character quoted
   quit CHAR     CHAR will send a quit signal
 * rprnt CHAR    CHAR will redraw the current line
   start CHAR    CHAR will restart the output after stopping it
� * rows N        tell the kernel that the terminal has N rows
 * size          print the number of rows and columns according to the kernel
   speed         print the terminal speed
   time N        with -icanon, set read timeout of N tenths of a second
� ??:????  up � Mounted on
� TTY� groups=� old � on repetition %s
�% 1% of memory, b 1, K 1024 (default), and so on for M, G, T, P, E, Z, Y.

With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

*** WARNING ***
The locale specified by the environment affects sort order.
Set LC_ALL=C to get the traditional sort order that uses
native byte values.
�%.*s: invalid conversion specification�%b %e  %Y�%b %e %H:%M�%d: fmt="%s" width=%d
�%ld day�%ld days�%lu user�%lu users�%s�%s (for regexp %s)�%s -> %s (unbackup)
�%s and %s are the same file�%s changed dev/ino�%s exists but is not a directory�%s has appeared;  following end of new file�%s has become accessible�%s has become inaccessible�%s has been replaced with an untailable file; giving up on this name�%s has been replaced;  following end of new file�%s has unknown file type�%s is not a valid positive integer�%s is too large�%s%s: invalid directive�%s: %s is so large that it is not representable�%s: %s: line number out of range�%s: %s: match not found�%s: %s:%s: disorder: �%s: FAILED open or read
�%s: No such user�%s: `}' is required in repeat count�%s: binary operator expected
�%s: can make relative symbolic links only in current directory�%s: cannot change nonblocking mode�%s: cannot find name for user ID %lu
�%s: cannot follow end of this type of file; giving up on this name�%s: cannot lseek back to original position�%s: cannot overwrite directory�%s: cannot rewind�%s: cannot seek�%s: cannot seek to end-relative offset %s�%s: cannot seek to offset %s�%s: cannot seek to relative offset %s�%s: cannot shred append-only file descriptor�%s: closing delimiter `%c' missing�%s: couldn't reset non-blocking mode�%s: count `%.*s' too large�%s: descend into directory %s? �%s: descend into write-protected directory %s? �%s: equivalence class operand must be a single character�%s: error truncating�%s: error writing at offset %s�%s: expected a numeric value�%s: failed to close�%s: failed to open for writing�%s: failed to remove�%s: fcntl failed�%s: fdatasync failed�%s: file has negative size�%s: file has shrunk too much�%s: file too large�%s: file too long�%s: file truncated�%s: fstat failed�%s: fsync failed�%s: hard link not allowed for directory�%s: illegal option -- %c
�%s: input contains a loop:�%s: input contains an odd number of tokens�%s: input file is output file�%s: integer expected after delimiter�%s: invalid PID�%s: invalid count at start of %s�%s: invalid field specification %s�%s: invalid file size�%s: invalid file type�%s: invalid maximum number of unchanged stats between opens�%s: invalid number�%s: invalid number of bytes�%s: invalid number of lines�%s: invalid number of passes�%s: invalid number of seconds�%s: invalid option -- %c
�%s: invalid pattern�%s: invalid process id�%s: invalid regular expression: %s�%s: invalid signal�%s: invalid suffix length�%s: line number must be greater than zero�%s: line number out of range�%s: lseek failed�%s: multiple signals specified�%s: new permissions are %s, not %s�%s: no properly formatted %s checksum lines found�%s: no size information for this device�%s: not listing already-listed directory�%s: number of bytes is too large�%s: option `%c%s' doesn't allow an argument
�%s: option `%s' is ambiguous
�%s: option `%s' requires an argument
�%s: option `--%s' doesn't allow an argument
�%s: option `-W %s' doesn't allow an argument
�%s: option `-W %s' is ambiguous
�%s: option requires an argument -- %c
�%s: overwrite %s, overriding mode %04lo? �%s: overwrite %s? �%s: pass %lu/%lu (%s)...�%s: pass %lu/%lu (%s)...%s�%s: pass %lu/%lu (%s)...%s/%s %d%%�%s: read error�%s: remove %s %s? �%s: remove write-protected %s %s? �%s: removed�%s: removing�%s: renamed to %s�%s: replace %s? �%s: seek failed�%s: too many checksum lines�%s: unable to determine maximum file name length�%s: unable to perform all requested operations�%s: unary operator expected
�%s: unrecognized option `%c%s'
�%s: unrecognized option `--%s'
�%s: value not completely converted�%s: warning: making a hard link to a symbolic link is not portable�%s: write error�%s:%lu: invalid line;  missing second token�%s:%lu: unrecognized keyword %s�%scannot read table of mounted file systems�%s}: integer required between `{' and `}'�'�')' expected
�')' expected, found %s
�* file systems that cache in temporary locations, such as NFS
  version 3 clients

* compressed file systems

In the case of ext3 file systems, the above disclaimer applies
(and shred is thus of limited effectiveness) only in data=journal mode,
which journals file data in addition to just metadata.  In both the
data=ordered (default) and data=writeback modes, shred works as usual.
Ext3 journaling modes can be changed by adding the data=something option
to the mount options for a particular file system in the /etc/fstab file,
as documented in the mount man page (man mount).

In addition, file system backups and remote mirrors may contain copies
of the file that cannot be removed, and that will allow a shredded file
to be recovered later.
�* log-structured or journaled file systems, such as those supplied with
  AIX and Solaris (and JFS, ReiserFS, XFS, Ext3, etc.)

* file systems that write redundant data and carry on even if some writes
  fail, such as RAID-based file systems

* file systems that make snapshots, such as Network Appliance's NFS server

�,  load average: %.2f�, %g second, %s/s
�, %g seconds, %s/s
�--string without a number implies 3.  --width without a number
implies 32.  By default, od uses -A o -t d2 -w 16.
�-R --dereference requires either -H or -L�-R -h requires -P�-ef does not accept -l
�-nt does not accept -l
�-ot does not accept -l
�-s uses SET1 if not
translating nor deleting; else squeezing uses SET2 and occurs after
translation or deletion.
�<internal>�???
�???? days ??:??,  �Address family for hostname not supported�All arguments to long options are mandatory for short options.
�All requests done�Bad value for ai_flags�CAUTION: Note that shred relies on a very important assumption:
that the file system overwrites data in place.  This is the traditional
way to do things, but many modern file system designs do not satisfy this
assumption.  The following are examples of file systems on which shred is
not effective, or is not guaranteed to be effective in all file system modes:

�COMMENT�Call the link function to create a link named FILE2 to an existing FILE1.

�Call the unlink function to remove the specified FILE.

�Cannot combine --target-directory (-t) and --no-target-directory (-T)�Cannot combine --target-directory and --no-target-directory�Cannot specify both printing across and printing in parallel.�Cannot specify number of columns when printing in parallel.�Change the effective user id and group id to that of USER.

-, -l, --login               make the shell a login shell
  -c, --command=COMMAND       pass a single COMMAND to the shell with -c
  -f, --fast                   pass -f to the shell (for csh or tcsh)
  -m, --preserve-environment   do not reset environment variables
  -p                           same as -m
  -s, --shell=SHELL            run SHELL if /etc/shells allows it
�Change the group of each FILE to GROUP.
With --reference, change the group of each FILE to that of RFILE.

-c, --changes           like verbose but report only when a change is made
�Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP.
With --reference, change the owner and group of each FILE to those of RFILE.

-c, --changes          like verbose but report only when a change is made
      --dereference      affect the referent of each symbolic link, rather
                         than the symbolic link itself (this is the default)
�Compare sorted files FILE1 and FILE2 line by line.
�Compatibility mode supports at most one file.�Concatenate FILE(s), or standard input, to standard output.

-A, --show-all           equivalent to -vET
  -b, --number-nonblank    number nonblank output lines
  -e                       equivalent to -vE
  -E, --show-ends          display $ at end of each line
  -n, --number             number all output lines
  -s, --squeeze-blank      never more than one single blank line
�Convert blanks in each FILE to tabs, writing to standard output.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

�Convert tabs in each FILE to spaces, writing to standard output.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

�Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.

�Copy a file, converting and formatting according to the operands.

bs=BYTES        force ibs=BYTES and obs=BYTES
  cbs=BYTES       convert BYTES bytes at a time
  conv=CONVS      convert the file as per the comma separated symbol list
  count=BLOCKS    copy only BLOCKS input blocks
  ibs=BYTES       read BYTES bytes at a time
�Copy standard input to each FILE, and also to standard output.

-a, --append              append to the given FILEs, do not overwrite
  -i, --ignore-interrupts   ignore interrupt signals
�Create named pipes (FIFOs) with the given NAMEs.

�Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist.

�Create the special file NAME of the given TYPE.

�Diagnose unportable constructs in NAME.

-p                  check for most POSIX systems
  -P                  check for empty names and leading "-"
      --portability   check for all POSIX systems (equivalent to -p -P)
�Directory: �Discard all but one of successive identical lines from INPUT (or
standard input), writing to OUTPUT (or standard output).

�Display file or file system status.

-L, --dereference     follow links
  -f, --file-system     display file system status instead of file status
�Display the current time in the given FORMAT, or set the system date.

-d, --date=STRING         display time described by STRING, not `now'
  -f, --file=DATEFILE       like --date once for each line of DATEFILE
�Display value of a symbolic link on standard output.

�Drop any supplemental groups, assume the user-ID and group-ID of
the specified USERNAME, and run COMMAND with any specified ARGUMENTs.
Exit with status 111 if unable to assume the required user and group ID.
Otherwise, exit with the exit status of COMMAND.
This program is useful only when run by root (user ID zero).

�EXIT�Echo the STRING(s) to standard output.

-n             do not output the trailing newline
�Excess characters
of SET2 are ignored.  Only [:lower:] and [:upper:] are guaranteed to
expand in ascending order; used in SET2 while translating, they may
only be used in pairs to specify case conversion.  �Exit with a status code indicating failure.�Exit with a status code indicating success.�Exit with the status determined by EXPRESSION.

�F. Pinard�FAILED�Fifos do not have major and minor device numbers.�File operands cannot be combined with --files0-from.�File operands cannot be combined with --print-database (-p).�Filesystem        �Filesystem    Type�For each pair of input lines with identical join fields, write a line to
standard output.  The default join field is the first, delimited
by whitespace.  When FILE1 or FILE2 (not both) is -, read standard input.

-a FILENUM        print unpairable lines coming from file FILENUM, where
                      FILENUM is 1 or 2, corresponding to FILE1 or FILE2
  -e EMPTY          replace missing input fields with EMPTY
�Force changed blocks to disk, update the super block.

�IDLE�Idle�In real life: �In the 1st form, create a link to TARGET with the name LINK_NAME.
In the 2nd form, create a link to TARGET in the current directory.
In the 3rd and 4th forms, create links to each TARGET in DIRECTORY.
Create hard links by default, symbolic links with --symbolic.
When creating hard links, each TARGET must exist.

�In the first three forms, copy SOURCE to DEST or multiple SOURCE(s) to
the existing DIRECTORY, while setting permission modes and owner/group.
In the 4th form, create all components of the given DIRECTORY(ies).

�Infinity B�Interrupted by a signal�Invalid page range %s�LINE�Login�Login name: �Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
�Memory allocation failure�NAME�Name�Name or service not known�No address associated with hostname�Non-recoverable failure in name resolution�OK�Only one string may be given when deleting without squeezing repeats.�Ordering options:

�Other options:

-c, --check               check whether input is sorted; do not sort
  -k, --key=POS1[,POS2]     start a key at POS1, end it at POS2 (origin 1)
  -m, --merge               merge already sorted files; do not sort
  -o, --output=FILE         write result to FILE instead of standard output
  -s, --stable              stabilize sort by disabling last-resort comparison
  -S, --buffer-size=SIZE    use SIZE for main memory buffer
�Output a permuted index, including context, of the words in the input files.

�Output commands to set the LS_COLORS environment variable.

Determine format of output:
  -b, --sh, --bourne-shell    output Bourne shell code to set LS_COLORS
  -c, --csh, --c-shell        output C shell code to set LS_COLORS
  -p, --print-database        output defaults
�Output file suffixes exhausted�Output fixed-size pieces of INPUT to PREFIXaa, PREFIXab, ...; default
size is 1000 lines, and default PREFIX is `x'.  With no INPUT, or when INPUT
is -, read standard input.

�Output pieces of FILE separated by PATTERN(s) to files `xx00', `xx01', ...,
and output byte counts of each piece to standard output.

�Output who is currently logged in according to FILE.
If FILE is not specified, use %s.  %s as FILE is common.

�Overwrite the specified FILE(s) repeatedly, in order to make it harder
for even very expensive hardware probing to recover the data.

�PID�Page number overflow�Paginate or columnate FILE(s) for printing.

�Parameter string not correctly encoded�Password:�Plan:
�Print ARGUMENT(s) according to FORMAT.

�Print CRC checksum and byte counts of each FILE.

�Print NAME with any leading directory components removed.
If specified, also remove a trailing SUFFIX.

�Print NAME with its trailing /component removed; if NAME contains no /'s,
output `.' (meaning the current directory).

�Print certain system information.  With no OPTION, same as -s.

-a, --all                print all information, in the following order,
                             except omit -p and -i if unknown:
  -s, --kernel-name        print the kernel name
  -n, --nodename           print the network node hostname
  -r, --kernel-release     print the kernel release
�Print checksum and block counts for each FILE.

-r              defeat -s, use BSD sum algorithm, use 1K blocks
  -s, --sysv      use System V sum algorithm, use 512 bytes blocks
�Print information for USERNAME, or the current user.

-a              ignore, for compatibility with other versions
  -g, --group     print only the effective group ID
  -G, --groups    print all group IDs
  -n, --name      print a name instead of a number, for -ugG
  -r, --real      print the real ID instead of the effective ID, with -ugG
  -u, --user      print only the effective user ID
�Print newline, word, and byte counts for each FILE, and a total line if
more than one FILE is specified.  With no FILE, or when FILE is -,
read standard input.
  -c, --bytes            print the byte counts
  -m, --chars            print the character counts
  -l, --lines            print the newline counts
�Print numbers from FIRST to LAST, in steps of INCREMENT.

-f, --format=FORMAT      use printf style floating-point FORMAT (default: %g)
  -s, --separator=STRING   use STRING to separate numbers (default: \n)
  -w, --equal-width        equalize width by padding with leading zeroes
�Print or change terminal characteristics.

-a, --all          print all current settings in human-readable form
  -g, --save         print all current settings in a stty-readable form
  -F, --file=DEVICE  open and use the specified DEVICE instead of stdin
�Print selected parts of lines from each FILE to standard output.

�Print the current time, the length of time the system has been up,
the number of users on the system, and the average number of jobs
in the run queue over the last 1, 5 and 15 minutes.
If FILE is not specified, use %s.  %s as FILE is common.

�Print the file name of the terminal connected to standard input.

-s, --silent, --quiet   print nothing, only return an exit status
�Print the first 10 lines of each FILE to standard output.
With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

�Print the full filename of the current working directory.

�Print the last %d lines of each FILE to standard output.
With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

�Print the name of the current user.

�Print the prime factors of each NUMBER.

�Print the user name associated with the current effective user ID.
Same as id -un.

�Processing request in progress�Project: �Reformat each paragraph in the FILE(s), writing to standard output.
If no FILE or if FILE is `-', read standard input.

�Remove (unlink) the FILE(s).

-d, --directory       unlink FILE, even if it is a non-empty directory
                          (super-user only; this works only if your system
                           supports `unlink' for nonempty directories)
  -f, --force           ignore nonexistent files, never prompt
  -i, --interactive     prompt before any removal
�Remove the DIRECTORY(ies), if they are empty.

--ignore-fail-on-non-empty
                  ignore each failure that is solely because a directory
                  is non-empty
�Rename SOURCE to DEST, or move SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.

�Repeatedly output a line with all specified STRING(s), or `y'.

�Request canceled�Request not canceled�Run COMMAND with an adjusted niceness, which affects process scheduling.
With no COMMAND, print the current niceness.  Nicenesses range from
%d (most favorable scheduling) to %d (least favorable).

-n, --adjustment=N   add integer N to the niceness (default 10)
�Run COMMAND with root directory set to NEWROOT.

�Run COMMAND, ignoring hangup signals.

�Send signals to processes, or list signals.

�Servname not supported for ai_socktype�Set LC_ALL='C' to work around the problem.�Set each NAME to VALUE in the environment and run COMMAND.

-i, --ignore-environment   start with an empty environment
  -u, --unset=NAME           remove variable from the environment
�Shell: �Show information about the file system on which each FILE resides,
or all file systems by default.

�Special files require major and minor device numbers.�Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories.

�System error�TIME�Temporary failure in name resolution�The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.
The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through
the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable.  Here are the values:

�The following options modify how a hierarchy is traversed when the -R
option is also specified.  If more than one is specified, only the final
one takes effect.

-H                     if a command line argument is a symbolic link
                         to a directory, traverse it
  -L                     traverse every symbolic link to a directory
                         encountered
  -P                     do not traverse any symbolic links (default)

�The strings compared were %s and %s.�This default behavior is not desirable when you really want to
track the actual name of the file, not the file descriptor (e.g., log
rotation).  Use --follow=name in that case.  That causes tail to track the
named file by reopening it periodically to see if it has been removed and
recreated by some other program.
�This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

�This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
any later version.

�Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard input,
writing to standard output.

-c, -C, --complement    first complement SET1
  -d, --delete            delete characters in SET1, do not translate
  -s, --squeeze-repeats   replace each input sequence of a repeated character
                            that is listed in SET1 with a single occurrence
                            of that character
  -t, --truncate-set1     first truncate SET1 to length of SET2
�Try `%s --help' for more information.
�Try `%s ./%s' to remove the file %s.
�Two strings must be given when translating.�Unknown error�Unknown system error�Update the access and modification times of each FILE to the current time.

�Usage: %s
  or:  %s OPTION
Print the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) for the current host.

�Usage: %s COMMAND [ARG]...
  or:  %s OPTION
�Usage: %s EXPRESSION
  or:  %s OPTION
�Usage: %s FILE
  or:  %s OPTION
�Usage: %s FILE1 FILE2
  or:  %s OPTION
�Usage: %s FORMAT [ARGUMENT]...
  or:  %s OPTION
�Usage: %s NAME
  or:  %s OPTION
�Usage: %s NAME [SUFFIX]
  or:  %s OPTION
�Usage: %s NEWROOT [COMMAND...]
  or:  %s OPTION
�Usage: %s NUMBER[SUFFIX]...
  or:  %s OPTION
Pause for NUMBER seconds.  SUFFIX may be `s' for seconds (the default),
`m' for minutes, `h' for hours or `d' for days.  Unlike most implementations
that require NUMBER be an integer, here NUMBER may be an arbitrary floating
point number.

�Usage: %s USERNAME COMMAND [ARGUMENT]...
  or:  %s OPTION
�Usage: %s [-DIGITS] [OPTION]... [FILE]...
�Usage: %s [-F DEVICE] [--file=DEVICE] [SETTING]...
  or:  %s [-F DEVICE] [--file=DEVICE] [-a|--all]
  or:  %s [-F DEVICE] [--file=DEVICE] [-g|--save]
�Usage: %s [-s SIGNAL | -SIGNAL] PID...
  or:  %s -l [SIGNAL]...
  or:  %s -t [SIGNAL]...
�Usage: %s [FILE]...
  or:  %s [OPTION]
�Usage: %s [NAME]
  or:  %s OPTION
Print or set the hostname of the current system.

�Usage: %s [NUMBER]...
  or:  %s OPTION
�Usage: %s [OPERAND]...
  or:  %s OPTION
�Usage: %s [OPTIONS] FILE [...]
�Usage: %s [OPTION]
�Usage: %s [OPTION] DIRECTORY...
�Usage: %s [OPTION] FILE...
�Usage: %s [OPTION] NAME...
�Usage: %s [OPTION] [COMMAND [ARG]...]
�Usage: %s [OPTION] [FILE]
Write totally ordered list consistent with the partial ordering in FILE.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

�Usage: %s [OPTION] [FILE]...
�Usage: %s [OPTION] [FILE]...
Print or check %s (%d-bit) checksums.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

�Usage: %s [OPTION] [INPUT [PREFIX]]
�Usage: %s [OPTION]...
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... DIRECTORY...
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... FILE
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... FILE PATTERN...
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... FILE...
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... FILE1 FILE2
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... GROUP FILE...
  or:  %s [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... LAST
  or:  %s [OPTION]... FIRST LAST
  or:  %s [OPTION]... FIRST INCREMENT LAST
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... MODE[,MODE]... FILE...
  or:  %s [OPTION]... OCTAL-MODE FILE...
  or:  %s [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... NAME TYPE [MAJOR MINOR]
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... NAME...
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... SET1 [SET2]
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [ FILE ]
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [ FILE | ARG1 ARG2 ]
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]
  or:  %s [-u|--utc|--universal] [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
  or:  %s [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
  or:  %s [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
  or:  %s [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
  or:  %s [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...
  or:  %s [OPTION]... -d DIRECTORY...
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-T] TARGET LINK_NAME   (1st form)
  or:  %s [OPTION]... TARGET                  (2nd form)
  or:  %s [OPTION]... TARGET... DIRECTORY     (3rd form)
  or:  %s [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY TARGET...  (4th form)
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-] [NAME=VALUE]... [COMMAND [ARG]...]
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-] [USER [ARG]...]
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  or:  %s [-abcdfilosx]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b]]
  or:  %s --traditional [OPTION]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b] [+][LABEL][.][b]]
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  or:  %s [OPTION]... --files0-from=F
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [INPUT [OUTPUT]]
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [INPUT]...   (without -G)
  or:  %s -G [OPTION]... [INPUT [OUTPUT]]
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE...
  or:  %s [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [STRING]...
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [USERNAME]
�Usage: %s [OPTION]... [USER]...
�Usage: %s [STRING]...
  or:  %s OPTION
�Usage: %s [VARIABLE]...
  or:  %s OPTION
If no environment VARIABLE specified, print them all.

�Usage: %s [ignored command line arguments]
  or:  %s OPTION
�Usage: test EXPRESSION
  or:  test
  or:  [ EXPRESSION ]
  or:  [ ]
  or:  [ OPTION
�Valid arguments are:�Valid format sequences for file systems:

%a   Free blocks available to non-superuser
  %b   Total data blocks in file system
  %c   Total file nodes in file system
  %d   Free file nodes in file system
  %f   Free blocks in file system
�WARNING: Circular directory structure.
This almost certainly means that you have a corrupted file system.
NOTIFY YOUR SYSTEM MANAGER.
The following directory is part of the cycle:
  %s
�WARNING: use --si, not -H; the meaning of the -H option will soon
change to be the same as that of --dereference-args (-D)�Warning: �Warning: -i will be removed in a future release;   use -u instead�When�Where�With --follow (-f), tail defaults to following the file descriptor, which
means that even if a tail'ed file is renamed, tail will continue to track
its end.  �Wrap input lines in each FILE (standard input by default), writing to
standard output.

�Write each FILE to standard output, last line first.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

�Write each FILE to standard output, with line numbers added.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

�Write lines consisting of the sequentially corresponding lines from
each FILE, separated by TABs, to standard output.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

�Write sorted concatenation of all FILE(s) to standard output.

�Written by %s and %s.
�Written by %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, and others.
�Written by %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, %s, %s,
%s, and %s.
�Written by %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, %s, %s,
and %s.
�Written by %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, %s, and %s.
�Written by %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, and %s.
�Written by %s, %s, %s,
%s, and %s.
�Written by %s, %s, %s,
and %s.
�Written by %s, %s, and %s.
�Written by %s.
�You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
�[=c=] expressions may not appear in string2 when translating�^[nN]�^[yY]�`�`-%c' extra characters or invalid number in the argument: %s�`--pages=FIRST_PAGE[:LAST_PAGE]' missing argument�`-N NUMBER' invalid starting line number: %s�`-W PAGE_WIDTH' invalid number of characters: %s�`-l PAGE_LENGTH' invalid number of lines: %s�`-o MARGIN' invalid line offset: %s�`-w PAGE_WIDTH' invalid number of characters: %s�a command must be given with an adjustment�accessing %s�ai_family not supported�ai_socktype not supported�am�ambiguous argument %s for %s�an input delimiter may be specified only when operating on fields�appending output to %s�backing up %s would destroy source;  %s not copied�backing up %s would destroy source;  %s not moved�backup type�block size�block special file�block special files not supported�both files cannot be standard input�byte offset %s is too large�cannot access %s�cannot backup %s�cannot both summarize and show all entries�cannot change owner and/or group of %s�cannot change ownership of %s�cannot change permissions of %s�cannot change root directory to %s�cannot change to directory %s�cannot chdir from %s to %s�cannot chdir from %s to ..�cannot chdir to directory %s�cannot chdir to root directory�cannot combine any two of {ascii,ebcdic,ibm}�cannot combine block and unblock�cannot combine excl and nocreat�cannot combine lcase and ucase�cannot combine mode and --reference options�cannot combine signal with -l or -t�cannot compare file names %s and %s�cannot convert U+%04X to local character set�cannot convert U+%04X to local character set: %s�cannot copy a directory, %s, into itself, %s�cannot copy cyclic symbolic link %s�cannot create directory %s�cannot create fifo %s�cannot create hard link %s to %s�cannot create link %s�cannot create link %s to %s�cannot create regular file %s�cannot create special file %s�cannot create symbolic link %s�cannot create symbolic link %s to %s�cannot create temporary file�cannot create temporary file %s�cannot dereference %s�cannot determine device and inode of %s�cannot determine hostname�cannot do ioctl on %s�cannot find name for group ID %lu�cannot find name for user ID %lu�cannot follow %s by name�cannot fstat %s�cannot get current directory�cannot get niceness�cannot get supplemental group list�cannot get system name�cannot get the login group of a numeric UID�cannot lseek %s�cannot lstat %s�cannot lstat `.' in %s�cannot make both hard and symbolic links�cannot make directory %s�cannot move %s to %s�cannot move %s to a subdirectory of itself, %s�cannot move directory onto non-directory: %s -> %s�cannot open %s for reading�cannot open %s for writing�cannot open directory %s�cannot overwrite directory %s with non-directory�cannot overwrite non-directory %s with directory %s�cannot print only names or real IDs in default format�cannot print only user and only group�cannot read directory %s�cannot read file names from %s�cannot read file system information for %s�cannot read realtime clock�cannot read symbolic link %s�cannot remove %s�cannot remove `.' or `..'�cannot remove directory %s�cannot reposition file pointer for %s�cannot restore current working directory�cannot return to current directory�cannot return to working directory�cannot run command %s�cannot run strip�cannot set date�cannot set group id�cannot set group-ID to %lu�cannot set groups�cannot set hostname; this system lacks the functionality�cannot set name to %s�cannot set niceness�cannot set permissions of %s�cannot set permissions of directory %s�cannot set permissions of fifo %s�cannot set supplemental group�cannot set time stamps for %s�cannot set user id�cannot set user-ID to %lu�cannot skip past end of combined input�cannot specify times from more than one source�cannot split in more than one way�cannot stat %s�cannot stat current directory (now %s)�cannot touch %s�cannot un-backup %s�cannot unlink %s�cannot work around kernel bug after all�changed group of %s to %s
�changed ownership of %s to %s
�changing group of %s�changing ownership of %s�changing permissions of %s�character offset is zero�character out of range�character special file�character special files not supported�clock change�close failed�closing %s�closing %s (fd=%d)�closing directory %s�closing input file %s�closing output file %s�closing standard input�conflicting empty-field replacement strings�couldn't find directory entry in %s with matching i-node�couldn't get boot time�create hard link %s to %s�create symbolic link %s to %s�created directory %s�creating %s�creating directory %s�creating file %s
�creating hard link %s to %s�creating symbolic link %s to %s�directory�division by zero�empty file name�empty tab�error in regular expression matcher�error in regular expression search�error reading %s�error writing %s�exit=�extra argument %s�extra operand %s�extra operand %s not allowed with -c�failed to change group of %s to %s
�failed to change mode of %s to %04lo (%s)
�failed to change ownership of %s
�failed to change ownership of %s to %s
�failed to chdir to %s�failed to get attributes of %s�failed to lookup file %s�failed to open %s�failed to preserve authorship for %s�failed to preserve ownership for %s�failed to preserve permissions for %s�failed to preserve times for %s�failed to redirect standard error�failed to return to initial working directory�failed to set the copy of stderr to close on exec�failed to stat %s�fdatasync failed for %s�fflush failed�field number %s is too large�field number is zero�fifo�fifo files not supported�file system type %s both selected and excluded�fork system call failed�format string may not be specified when printing equal width strings�fsync failed for %s�fts_read failed�getpass: cannot open /dev/tty�getting new attributes of %s�group of %s retained as %s
�iconv function not available�iconv function not usable�id=�ignoring all arguments�ignoring invalid tab size in environment variable TABSIZE: %s�ignoring invalid value of environment variable QUOTING_STYLE: %s�ignoring invalid width in environment variable COLUMNS: %s�ignoring non-option arguments�incompatible join fields %lu, %lu�incompatible tabs�incorrect password�input disappeared�input line is too long�inter-device move failed: %s to %s; unable to remove target�invalid adjustment %s�invalid argument %s�invalid argument %s for %s�invalid argument: %s�invalid body numbering style: %s�invalid byte or field list�invalid character `%c' in type string %s�invalid character class %s�invalid conversion specifier in suffix: %c�invalid conversion specifier in suffix: \%.3o�invalid conversion: %s�invalid date %s�invalid date format %s�invalid device %s %s�invalid device type %s�invalid field number: %s�invalid field specifier: %s�invalid field width: %s�invalid file number in field spec: %s�invalid floating point argument: %s�invalid footer numbering style: %s�invalid format precision�invalid format string: %s�invalid format width�invalid gap width: %s�invalid group�invalid group %s�invalid header numbering style: %s�invalid input flag: %s�invalid integer %s
�invalid integer argument %s�invalid line discipline %s�invalid line number field width: %s�invalid line number increment: %s�invalid line numbering format: %s�invalid line width: %s�invalid major device number %s�invalid maximum depth %s�invalid minor device number %s�invalid mode�invalid mode %s�invalid mode: %s�invalid number %s�invalid number after `,'�invalid number after `-'�invalid number after `.'�invalid number at field start�invalid number of blank lines: %s�invalid number of bytes�invalid number of bytes to compare�invalid number of bytes to skip�invalid number of columns: %s�invalid number of fields to skip�invalid number of lines�invalid number of lines: 0�invalid option -- %c�invalid option -- %c; -WIDTH is recognized only when it is the first
option; use -w N instead�invalid output address radix `%c'; it must be one character from [doxn]�invalid output flag: %s�invalid precision: %s�invalid repeat count %s in [c*n] construct�invalid starting line number: %s�invalid status flag: %s�invalid tab size: %s�invalid time interval %s�invalid time style format %s�invalid type string %s�invalid type string %s;
this system doesn't provide a %lu-byte floating point type�invalid type string %s;
this system doesn't provide a %lu-byte integral type�invalid universal character name \%c%0*x�invalid user�invalid user %s�invalid width: %s�invalid zero-length file name�it is dangerous to operate recursively on %s�it is dangerous to operate recursively on %s (same as %s)�last=�leading `-' in a component of file name %s�limit %lu exceeded by length %lu of file name %s�limit %lu exceeded by length %lu of file name component %s�limit argument�line count option -%s%c... is too large�line number %s is smaller than preceding line number, %s�line number overflow�memory exhausted�message queue�minimum string length�misaligned [:upper:] and/or [:lower:] construct�missing %% conversion specification in suffix�missing `]'
�missing argument after %s�missing argument to %s�missing character class name `[::]'�missing conversion specifier in suffix�missing destination file operand after %s�missing equivalence class character `[==]'�missing file operand�missing hexadecimal number in escape�missing list of fields�missing list of positions�missing operand�missing operand after %s�mode of %s changed to %04lo (%s)
�mode of %s retained as %04lo (%s)
�multi-character tab %s�multiple -l or -t options specified�multiple output files specified�multiple output formats specified�multiple target directories specified�neither symbolic link %s nor referent has been changed
�new_mode: mode
�no SHELL environment variable, and no shell type option given�no change to ownership of %s
�no files remaining�no login name�no process ID specified�no type may be specified when dumping strings�no username specified; at least one must be specified when using -l�non-numeric argument�nonportable character %s in file name %s�not a tty�number in %s is too large�number of bytes�number of lines�offset overflow while reading file %s�omitting directory %s�only one [c*] repeat construct may appear in string2�only one device may be specified�only one type of list may be specified�open failed�opening %s�ownership of %s retained
�ownership of %s retained as %s
�page range�page width too narrow�pm�preserving times for %s�printing all duplicated lines and repeat counts is meaningless�range-endpoints of `%s-%s' are in reverse collating sequence order�read error�read failed�reading %s�reading directory %s�record too large�regular empty file�regular file�removed %s
�removed directory: %s
�removing directory, %s�run-level�semaphore�separator cannot be empty�setting flags for %s�setting permissions for %s�setting times of %s�shared memory object�skip argument�skip-bytes + read-bytes is too large�skipping file %s, as it was replaced while being copied�socket�sort size�standard error�standard input�standard input is closed�standard output�stat failed�stray character in field spec�string comparison failed�strip failed�suppressing non-delimited lines makes sense
	only when operating on fields�symbolic link�symbolic links are not supported on this system�syntax error�tab size cannot be 0�tab size contains invalid character(s): %s�tab sizes must be ascending�tab stop is too large %s�tab stop value is too large�tabs are too far apart�target %s is not a directory�target directory not allowed when installing a directory�term=�test and/or [�the --binary and --text options are meaningless when verifying checksums�the --kilobytes option is deprecated; use -k instead�the --megabytes option is deprecated; use -m instead�the --reply option is deprecated; use -i or -f instead�the --status option is meaningful only when verifying checksums�the --warn option is meaningful only when verifying checksums�the [c*] construct may appear in string2 only when translating�the [c*] repeat construct may not appear in string1�the argument %s lacks a leading `+';
When using an option to specify date(s), any non-option
argument must be a format string beginning with `+'.�the delimiter must be a single character�the options for verbose and stty-readable output styles are
mutually exclusive�the options to output dircolors' internal database and
to select a shell syntax are mutually exclusive�the options to print and set the time may not be used together�the options to specify dates for printing are mutually exclusive�the strip option may not be used when installing a directory�time %s is out of range�too many %% conversion specifications in suffix�too many characters in set�too many repeated lines�total�typed memory object�unable to record current working directory�unknown binary operator
�unknown user-ID: %s�unparsable value for LS_COLORS environment variable�unrecognized operand %s�unrecognized operand %s=%s�unrecognized option `-%c'�unrecognized prefix: %s�use --no-preserve-root to override this failsafe�user %s does not exist�using restricted shell %s�value %s is so large that it is not representable�warning: %s: character(s) following character constant have been ignored�warning: --pid=PID is not supported on this system�warning: --retry is useful only when following by name�warning: PID ignored; --pid=PID is useful only when following�warning: `touch %s' is obsolete; use `touch -t %04ld%02d%02d%02d%02d.%02d'�warning: backslash at end of format�warning: cannot change directory to %s�warning: cannot remove: %s�warning: following standard input indefinitely is ineffective�warning: ignoring excess arguments, starting with %s�warning: invalid width %lu; using %d instead�warning: line number %s is the same as preceding line number�warning: screwy file offset after failed read�warning: source file %s specified more than once�warning: summarizing conflicts with --max-depth=%lu�warning: summarizing is the same as using --max-depth=0�warning: the ambiguous octal escape \%c%c%c is being
	interpreted as the 2-byte sequence \0%c%c, %c�warning: unportable BRE: %s: using `^' as the first character
of the basic regular expression is not portable; it is being ignored�warning: unrecognized escape `\%c'�warning: working around lseek kernel bug for file (%s)
  of mt_type=0x%0lx -- see <sys/mtio.h> for the list of types�weird file�when not truncating set1, string2 must be non-empty�when specifying an output style, modes may not be set�when translating with complemented character classes,
string2 must map all characters in the domain to one�when translating, the only character classes that may appear in
string2 are `upper' and `lower'�width specification�will not create hard link %s to directory %s�will not overwrite just-created %s with %s�with --parents, the destination must be a directory�write error�write error for %s�write failed�writing %s�writing to %s�you must specify a list of bytes, characters, or fields�Project-Id-Version: coreutils 5.94
Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: bug-coreutils@gnu.org
POT-Creation-Date: 2006-06-10 11:45+0200
PO-Revision-Date: 2006-03-09 14:40+0300
Last-Translator: Oleg S. Tihonov <ost@tatnipi.ru>
Language-Team: Russian <ru@li.org>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=koi8-r
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2;
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ÏÎÏ ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÅÔ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÄÌÉÎÙ óôòïëé.
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ÄÅÔÁÌØÎÏÇÏ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÉÑ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁ FILE ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔÅ dircolors --print-database.
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a          ÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎÎÙÊ ÚÎÁË
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ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ 512, k -- 1024, m -- 1024*1024.

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* crtkill       ÓÔÉÒÁÔØ ×ÓÀ ÓÔÒÏËÕ, ÐÏÄÞÉÎÑÑÓØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁÍ echoprt É echoe
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N ÍÏÖÅÔ ÉÍÅÔØ ÓÕÆÆÉËÓ-ÍÎÏÖÉÔÅÌØ: b 512, k 1024, m 1024*1024.
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ÏÔÍÅÞÅÎÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ, ÎÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÅ × ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÅ POSIX.  äÏÓÔÕÐÎÏÓÔØ ÔÏÊ ÉÌÉ ÉÎÏÊ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÏÊ.
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* crî           ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÁÕÚÙ ÐÏÓÌÅ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÔÁ ËÁÒÅÔËÉ, ÄÏÐÕÓÔÉÍÙÅ î [0..3]
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ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ.
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ÚÁÄÁÀÝÉÈ ÐÏÒÑÄÏË ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ËÉ; ÏÎ ÏÔÍÅÎÑÅÔ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ ÇÌÏÂÁÌØÎÙÅ
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ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ËÌÀÞÁ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÓÔÒÏËÁ ÃÅÌÉËÏÍ.

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ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÙ ÇÒÕÐÐÙ ÐÏ ×ÏÚÒÁÓÔÁÎÉÀ ÐÒÉÏÒÉÔÅÔÁ.  äÏÐÕÓÔÉÍÙÅ ÷ùòáöåîéñ:

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áòç1 & áòç2       áòç1, ÅÓÌÉ ÏÂÁ ÏÔÌÉÞÎÙ ÏÔ ÎÕÌÑ, ÉÎÁÞÅ 0
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n (ÎÅ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÓÍÅÝÅÎÉÑ).  î Ó ÐÒÅÆÉËÓÏÍ 0x ÉÌÉ 0X ×ÏÓÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÅÔÓÑ ËÁË
ÛÅÓÔÎÁÄÃÁÔÅÒÉÞÎÏÅ, Ó ÓÕÆÆÉËÓÏÍ b ÕÍÎÏÖÁÅÔÓÑ ÎÁ 512, Ó ÓÕÆÆÉËÓÏÍ k -- ÎÁ 1024 É
ÓÕÆÆÉËÓÏÍ m -- ÎÁ 1048576.  åÓÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ Ë ÌÀÂÏÍÕ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÕ ÓÕÆÆÉËÓ z, ÔÏ × ËÏÎÃÅ
ËÁÖÄÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÂÕÄÕÔ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØÓÑ ÐÅÞÁÔÎÙÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ.  �
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ïÂ ÏÛÉÂËÁÈ ÓÏÏÂÝÁÊÔÅ ÐÏ ÁÄÒÅÓÕ <%s>.
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ÓÁÍÉ ÓÅÂÑ.  ÷ÏÓÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÀÔÓÑ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ:

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  \\              ÏÂÒÁÔÎÁÑ ËÏÓÁÑ ÞÅÒÔÁ
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  \f              ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ
  \n              ÎÏ×ÁÑ ÓÔÒÏËÁ
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  \t              ÇÏÒÉÚÏÎÔÁÌØÎÁÑ ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÑ
�
óéçîáì ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÉÍÅÎÅÍ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÁ, ËÁË `HUP' ÉÌÉ ÎÏÍÅÒÏÍ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÁ, ËÁË
`1', ÉÌÉ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÙÍ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅÍ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ, ÐÒÅÒ×ÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÏÍ.
PID Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÃÅÌÙÍ ÞÉÓÌÏÍ; ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎÏ ÏÔÒÉÃÁÔÅÌØÎÏ, ÔÏ ÏÂÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ ÇÒÕÐÐÕ
ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏ×.
�
åÓÌÉ æïòíáô -- ÏÄÎÏ ÉÚ [doux], þéóìï ÍÏÖÅÔ ÚÁÄÁ×ÁÔØÓÑ ËÁË C (char), S (short),
I (int) ÉÌÉ L (long), ÅÓÌÉ æïòíáô ÒÁ×ÅÎ f, ÔÏ þéóìï ÔÁËÖÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ F (float),
D (double) ÉÌÉ L (long double).
�
òáúíåò ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÔÁËÉÍ (ÉÌÉ ÜÔÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÃÅÌÏÅ ÞÉÓÌÏ, ÚÁ ËÏÔÏÒÙÍ
ÍÏÖÅÔ ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔØ ÏÄÎÏ ÉÚ ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÅÎÎÏÇÏ): kB 1000, K 1024,
MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024 É ÔÁË ÄÁÌÅÅ ÄÌÑ G, T, P, E, Z, Y.
�
ðÒÉ ÚÁÄÁÎÉÉ þéóìá ÂÁÊÔ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÕÆÆÉËÓ: b ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ 512b, k -- 1kb,
m -- 1Mb.
�
åÓÌÉ ÐÏÓÌÁÔØ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÝÅÍÕ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÕ `dd' ÓÉÇÎÁÌ %s, ÏÎ ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÎÁ
ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ÐÏÔÏË ÏÛÉÂÏË ÓÔÁÔÉÓÔÉËÕ ××ÏÄÁ/×Ù×ÏÄÁ É ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÉÔ
ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ.

$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null& pid=$!
  $ kill -%s $pid; sleep 1; kill $pid
  18335302+0 ×ÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÚÁÐÉÓÅÊ
  18335302+0 ×ÙÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÚÁÐÉÓÅÊ
  9387674624 ÂÁÊÔÁ (9.4 GB) ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÏ, 34.6279 ÓÅËÕÎÄÙ, 271 MB/s

ëÌÀÞÉ:

�
óÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ:
* dsusp óéí÷ïì    óéí÷ïì ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÏÓÙÌÁÔØ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÕ ÓÉÇÎÁÌ ÏÓÔÁÎÏ×Á ÐÒÉ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÅÎÉÉ
                  ××ÏÄÁ
  eof óéí÷ïì      óéí÷ïì ÂÕÄÅÔ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÔØ ËÏÎÅÃ ÆÁÊÌÁ (ÐÒÅËÒÁÝÁÔØ ××ÏÄ)
  eol óéí÷ïì      óéí÷ïì ÂÕÄÅÔ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÔØ ËÏÎÅÃ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
�
óÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ:

î             ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ××ÏÄÁ É ×Ù×ÏÄÁ ÒÁ×ÎÙÍÉ î ÂÏÄ
* cols î        ÓÏÏÂÝÉÔØ ÑÄÒÕ, ÞÔÏ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ ÉÍÅÅÔ î ÓÔÏÌÂÃÏ×
* columns î     ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ cols
�
ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÓÕÆÆÉËÓ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÁÓÎÙÈ ËÏÐÉÊ ~, ÅÓÌÉ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ
ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX ÉÌÉ ËÌÀÞ --suffix. óÐÏÓÏÂ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ
×ÅÒÓÉÊ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÍÏÝÉ ËÌÀÞÁ --backup ÉÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ
ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ VERSION_CONTROL. äÏÐÕÓÔÉÍÙÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ:

�
ä×Á ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÈ ËÌÀÞÁ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÒÉ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÅ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÙÈ ÓÕÍÍ:
      --status            ÎÅ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔØ ×Ù×ÏÄ, ×ÙÈÏÄÎÏÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ
                          ÕÓÐÅÈ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ
  -w, --warn              ÐÒÅÄÕÐÒÅÖÄÁÔØ Ï ÎÅÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ ÓÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÎÙÈ ÓÔÒÏËÁÈ ×
                          ÓÐÉÓËÅ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÙÈ ÓÕÍÍ

�
íÅÔÏÄ ×ÙÞÉÓÌÅÎÉÑ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÙÈ ÓÕÍÍ ÏÐÉÓÁÎ × %s.  ÷ÈÏÄÎÙÍÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÍÉ ÐÒÉ
ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÎÙÅ ÒÁÎÅÅ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÙÅ ÄÁÎÎÙÅ ÜÔÏÊ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ.
ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÒÏËÕ Ó ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÏÊ ÓÕÍÍÏÊ, ÚÎÁË, ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÀÝÉÊ
ÔÉÐ ÆÁÊÌÁ (`*' ÄÌÑ Ä×ÏÉÞÎÙÈ, ` ' ÄÌÑ ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÙÈ), É ÉÍÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ æáêìá.
�
äÏÐÕÓÔÉÍÙÅ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÎÙÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ ÄÌÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ× (ÂÅÚ --file-system):

%a   ðÒÁ×Á ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ × ×ÏÓØÍÅÒÉÞÎÏÊ ÆÏÒÍÅ
  %A   ðÒÁ×Á ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ × ÞÉÔÁÅÍÏÊ ÆÏÒÍÅ
  %b   þÉÓÌÏ ×ÙÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÈ ÂÌÏËÏ× (ÓÍÏÔÒÉÔÅ %B)
  %B   òÁÚÍÅÒ ÂÌÏËÁ, ÓÏÏÂÝÁÅÍÏÇÏ %b, × ÂÁÊÔÁÈ
�
üÔÏ Ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÁÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ.  ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÑÔØ ÅÅ ËÏÐÉÉ ÐÒÉ
ÓÏÂÌÀÄÅÎÉÉ ÕÓÌÏ×ÉÊ õÎÉ×ÅÒÓÁÌØÎÏÊ ïÂÝÅÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏÊ ìÉÃÅÎÚÉÉ GNU
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.  îÅ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ îéëáëéè
çáòáîôéê, × ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÙÈ ÚÁËÏÎÏÍ ÐÒÅÄÅÌÁÈ.

�
äÌÑ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ, ÎÁÞÉÎÁÀÝÅÇÏÓÑ Ó `-' (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ: `-foo'),
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ÏÄÎÕ ÉÚ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÈ ËÏÍÁÎÄ:
  %s -- -foo

%s ./-foo
�
ôÒÁÄÉÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉËÁÃÉÉ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÉÓÁÔØ ×ÐÅÒÅÍÅÛËÕ, ÏÎÉ ÁËËÕÍÕÌÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ:
  -a   ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -t a,  ÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ÚÎÁËÉ
  -b   ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -t o1, ×ÏÓØÍÅÒÉÞÎÙÅ ÂÁÊÔÙ
  -c   ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -t c,  ASCII-ÚÎÁËÉ ÉÌÉ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÉÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ Ó `\'
  -d   ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -t u2, ÂÅÚÚÎÁËÏ×ÙÅ ÄÅÓÑÔÉÞÎÙÅ Ä×ÕÈÂÁÊÔÏ×ÙÅ ÅÄÉÎÉÃÙ
�
åÓÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎÙ ÏÂÅ ôáâìéãÙ, É ÎÅ ÕËÁÚÁÎ -d, ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ.  ëÌÀÞ -t
ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÒÉ ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ.  ôáâìéãá2 ÒÁÓÛÉÒÑÅÔÓÑ ÄÏ
ÒÁÚÍÅÒÁ ôáâìéãù1 ÐÕÔÅÍ ÐÏ×ÔÏÒÅÎÉÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÇÏ ÚÎÁËÁ.  �
åÓÌÉ ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ -t úîáë, ÎÁÞÁÌØÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÂÅÌØÎÙÅ ÚÎÁËÉ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÑÀÔ ÐÏÌÑ É
ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ, × ÐÒÏÔÉ×ÎÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÐÏÌÑ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÑÀÔÓÑ úîáëïí.  ðïìå -- ÜÔÏ
ÎÏÍÅÒ ÐÏÌÑ, ÏÔÓÞÉÔÙ×ÁÅÍÙÊ ÏÔ 1.  æïòíáô -- ÜÔÏ ÏÄÎÏ ÉÌÉ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ
ÒÁÚÄÅÌÑÅÍÙÈ ÚÁÐÑÔÙÍÉ ÉÌÉ ÐÒÏÂÅÌØÎÙÍÉ ÚÎÁËÁÍÉ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÉÊ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁ × ×ÉÄÅ
`îïíåò_æáêìá.ðïìå' ÉÌÉ `0'.  ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ æïòíáô ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔ ÏÂÝÅÅ ÐÏÌÅ,
ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ ÐÏÌÑ ÉÚ æáêìá1 É ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ ÐÏÌÑ ÉÚ æáêìá2, ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÅ
úîáëïí.

÷ÁÖÎÏ: æáêì1 É æáêì2 ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÏÔÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÙ ÐÏ ÏÂÝÉÍ ÐÏÌÑÍ.
�
éÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ÏÄÉÎ É ÔÏÌØËÏ ÏÄÉÎ ÉÚ ËÌÀÞÅÊ -b, -c ÉÌÉ -f.  óðéóëé
ÓÏÓÔÏÑÔ ÉÚ ÄÉÁÐÁÚÏÎÁ ÉÌÉ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÈ ÄÉÁÐÁÚÏÎÏ×, ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÈ ÚÁÐÑÔÙÍÉ.
÷ÙÂÒÁÎÎÙÅ ÞÁÓÔÉ ×ÈÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÀÔÓÑ × ÔÏÍ ÐÏÒÑÄËÅ, × ËÏÔÏÒÏÍ ÏÎÉ
ÐÏÑ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ ÎÁ ×ÈÏÄÅ, É ÐÅÞÁÔÁÀÔÓÑ ÒÏ×ÎÏ ÏÄÉÎ ÒÁÚ.  äÉÁÐÁÚÏÎÙ ÚÁÄÁÀÔÓÑ
ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÍ ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ:

î     î-ÎÙÊ ÂÁÊÔ, ÚÎÁË ÉÌÉ ÐÏÌÅ; ÏÔÓÞÉÔÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÏÔ 1
  î-    ÏÔ î-ÎÏÇÏ ÂÁÊÔÁ, ÚÎÁËÁ ÉÌÉ ÐÏÌÑ ÄÏ ËÏÎÃÁ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
  î-í   ÏÔ î-ÎÏÇÏ ÄÏ í-ÎÏÇÏ (×ËÌÀÞÉÔÅÌØÎÏ) ÂÁÊÔÁ, ÚÎÁËÁ ÉÌÉ ÐÏÌÑ
  -í    ÏÔ ÐÅÒ×ÏÇÏ ÄÏ í-ÎÏÇÏ (×ËÌÀÞÉÔÅÌØÎÏ) ÂÁÊÔÁ, ÚÎÁËÁ ÉÌÉ ÐÏÌÑ

åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ ÉÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ.
�
åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ ÉÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ.
ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÐÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ `-F /'.
�
åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ ÉÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ.
�
ðÒÉ ÚÁÐÕÓËÅ ÂÅÚ ËÌÀÞÅÊ ×ÙÄÁÅÔ ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔ × ÔÒÉ ÓÔÏÌÂÃÁ.  ðÅÒ×ÙÊ ÓÔÏÌÂÅÃ
ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÓÔÒÏËÉ, ÕÎÉËÁÌØÎÙÅ ÄÌÑ æáêìá1, ×ÔÏÒÏÊ -- ÕÎÉËÁÌØÎÙÅ ÄÌÑ
æáêìá2, Á ÔÒÅÔÉÊ -- ÏÂÝÉÅ ÄÌÑ ÏÂÏÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÓÔÒÏËÉ.
�
åÓÌÉ ëìàþé ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎÙ, ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÙÈ Ó×ÅÄÅÎÉÊ.
�
ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÏÄÎÏÚÎÁÞÎÏÅ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÂÁÊÔÏ×ÏÅ ×ÏÓØÍÅÒÉÞÎÏÅ) ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ æáêìá
ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.  åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ ÉÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ
××ÏÄ.

�                    ÒÁÚÄÅÌÑÔØ ËÏÌÏÎËÉ ÎÅÏÂÑÚÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ óôòïëïê, ÎÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ
                    -S "óôòïëá"; ÔÏÌØËÏ -S: ÎÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÉÔÅÌØ; ÂÅÚ
                    -S: ÒÁÚÄÅÌÉÔÅÌØ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ -- ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÑ, ÅÓÌÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎ
                    ËÌÀÞ -J, ÉÎÁÞÅ ÐÒÏÂÅÌ (ÔÏ ÖÅ, ÞÔÏ -S""); ÎÅ ×ÌÉÑÅÔ ÎÁ
                    ËÌÀÞÉ ÄÌÑ ËÏÌÏÎÏË
  -t, --omit-header ÎÅ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÚÁÇÏÌÏ×ËÉ
�      --backup[=ëïîôòïìø]      ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÙÅ ËÏÐÉÉ ÃÅÌÅ×ÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×
  -b                           ÔÏ ÖÅ, ÞÔÏ É --backup, ÎÏ ÂÅÚ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÁ
  -f, --force                  ÐÅÒÅÐÉÓÙ×ÁÔØ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÎÅ ÓÐÒÁÛÉ×ÁÑ
  -i, --interactive            ÓÐÒÁÛÉ×ÁÔØ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÔÅÍ ËÁË ÐÅÒÅÐÉÓÙ×ÁÔØ
�      --backup[=ëïîôòïìø]  ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÕÀ ËÏÐÉÀ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÃÅÌÅ×ÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ
  -b                       ÔÏ ÖÅ, ÞÔÏ É --backup, ÎÏ ÎÅ ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÅÔ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔ
  -d, -F, --directory      ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔØ ÓÕÐÅÒÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÖÅÓÔËÉÅ ÓÓÙÌËÉ
                             ÎÁ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ (ÚÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÅ: ×ÅÒÏÑÔÎÏ, ÜÔÏ ÎÅ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔÓÑ
                             ÉÚ-ÚÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÈ ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÉÊ, ÄÁÖÅ ÄÌÑ
                             ÓÕÐÅÒÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ)
  -f, --force              ÕÄÁÌÑÔØ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ ÃÅÌÅ×ÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ
�      --backup[=CONTROL]  ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÕÀ ËÏÐÉÀ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÉÅÍ
  -b                  ÔÏ ÖÅ, ÞÔÏ É --backup, ÎÏ ÂÅÚ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÁ
  -c                  (ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ)
  -d, --directory     ÒÁÓÓÍÁÔÒÉ×ÁÔØ ×ÓÅ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÙ ËÁË ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ; ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ×ÓÅ
                       ×ÓÅ ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÙ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÈ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏ×
�      --block-size=SIZE      ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÂÌÏËÉ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÏÍ SIZE ÂÁÊÔ
  -B, --ignore-backups       ÎÅ ×ÙÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÏËÁÎÞÉ×ÁÀÝÉÅÓÑ ÎÁ ~
  -c                         Ó -lt: ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ; Ó -l:
                              ×ÙÄÁ×ÁÔØ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ É ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ÉÍÅÎÉ,
                              ÉÎÁÞÅ ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ
�      --complement        ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÍÎÏÖÅÓÔ×Ï ×ÙÂÒÁÎÎÙÈ ÂÁÊÔ, ÚÎÁËÏ× ÉÌÉ ÐÏÌÅÊ.
�      --files0-from=æ   ×Ù×ÅÓÔÉ ÏÔÞÅÔ Ï ÆÁÊÌÁÈ, ÞØÉ ÉÍÅÎÁ (ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÅÎÎÙÅ ÎÕÌÅÍ)
                          ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÅÎÙ × ÆÁÊÌÅ æ
  -H                    ËÁË --si, ÎÏ ×ÙÄÁÅÔ ÐÒÅÄÕÐÒÅÖÄÅÎÉÅ; ÓËÏÒÏ ÓÍÙÓÌ ÜÔÏÇÏ
                          ËÌÀÞÁ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎ, É ÏÎ ÓÔÁÎÅÔ ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔÅÎ
                          ËÌÀÞÕ --dereference-args (-D)
  -h, --human-readable  ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÙ × ÕÄÏÂÎÏÍ ÄÌÑ ÞÅÌÏ×ÅËÁ ×ÉÄÅ
                          (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, 1K 234M 2G)
      --si              ËÁË -h, ÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÔÅÐÅÎÉ 1000, Á ÎÅ 1024
  -k                    ËÁË --block-size=1K
  -l, --count-links     ÓÞÉÔÁÔØ ËÁÖÄÕÀ ÖÅÓÔËÕÀ ÓÓÙÌËÕ ËÁË ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ
  -m                    ËÁË --block-size=1M
�      --from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP
                          ÉÚÍÅÎÑÅÔ ×ÌÁÄÅÌØÃÁ É/ÉÌÉ ÇÒÕÐÐÕ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ
                          ÔÏÌØËÏ ÅÓÌÉ ÔÅËÕÝÉÊ ×ÌÁÄÅÌÅÃ É/ÉÌÉ ÇÒÕÐÐÁ
                          ÓÏ×ÐÁÄÁÅÔ Ó CURRENT_OWNER::CURRENT_GROUP.
                          ëÁË ÇÒÕÐÐÁ, ÔÁË É ×ÌÁÄÅÌÅÃ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÏÐÕÝÅÎÙ,
                          × ÜÔÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÓÏ×ÐÁÄÅÎÉÅ ÄÌÑ ÄÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÁÔÒÉÂÕÔÁ
                          ÎÅ ÏÂÑÚÁÔÅÌØÎÏ.
�      --help     ÐÏËÁÚÁÔØ ÜÔÕ ÓÐÒÁ×ËÕ É ×ÙÊÔÉ
�      --indicator-style=óôéìø ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÔØ Ë ÉÍÅÎÁÍ ÜÌÅÍÅÎÔÏ× ÉÎÄÉËÁÔÏÒ Ó
                             ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÍ óôéìåí: none (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ), slash (-p),
                             file-type (--file-type), classify (-F)
  -i, --inode              Ó -l, ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÎÏÍÅÒ ÉÎÏÄÁ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ
  -I, --ignore=ûáâìïî      ÎÅ ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ ûáâìïîõ ÏÂÏÌÏÞËÉ
  -k                       ÔÏ ÖÅ, ÞÔÏ É --block-size=1K
�      --lookup      ÐÙÔÁÔØÓÑ ËÁÎÏÎÉÚÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÉÍÅÎÁ ÈÏÓÔÏ× ÞÅÒÅÚ DNS
  -m                ÔÏÌØËÏ ÉÍÑ ÈÏÓÔÁ É ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØ, Ó×ÑÚÁÎÎÙÅ ÓÏ
                    ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÍ ××ÏÄÏÍ
  -p, --process     ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÁËÔÉ×ÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÐÏÒÏÄÉÌ init
�      --no-preserve-root  ÎÅ ÏÂÒÁÂÁÔÙ×ÁÔØ `/' ÏÓÏÂÏ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ)
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�      --no-preserve-root ÎÅ ÏÂÒÁÂÁÔÙ×ÁÔØ `/' ÏÓÏÂÏ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ)
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�      --no-preserve-root ÎÅ ÏÂÒÁÂÁÔÙ×ÁÔØ `/' ÏÓÏÂÏ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ)
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  -r, -R, --recursive   ÒÅËÕÒÓÉ×ÎÏ ÕÄÁÌÑÔØ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ É ÉÈ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ
  -v, --verbose         ÐÏÑÓÎÑÔØ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÍÙÅ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ
�      --no-preserve=óðéó_áôôò  ÎÅ ÓÏÈÒÁÎÑÔØ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÅ ÁÔÒÉÂÕÔÙ
      --parents                ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÊ ÐÕÔØ Ë ëáôáìïçõ
�      --pid=PID            Ó ËÌÀÞÏÍ -f, ÐÒÅÒ×ÁÔØÓÑ, ËÏÇÄÁ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ PID
                             ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÁÅÔ ÒÁÂÏÔÕ
  -q, --quiet, --silent    ÎÅ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÚÁÇÏÌÏ×ËÉ Ó ÉÍÅÎÁÍÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ×
  -s, --sleep-interval=ó   Ó ËÌÀÞÏÍ -f, ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÑÔØ ÐÏÓÔÕÐÌÅÎÉÅ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ
                           ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ËÁÖÄÙÅ ó ÓÅËÕÎÄ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ 1)
  -v, --verbose            ×ÓÅÇÄÁ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÚÁÇÏÌÏ×ËÉ Ó ÉÍÅÎÁÍÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ×
�      --retry              ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÁÔØ ÐÏÐÙÔËÉ ÏÔËÒÙÔÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ, ÄÁÖÅ ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎ
                             ÎÅÄÏÓÔÕÐÅÎ, ËÏÇÄÁ tail ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÅÔÓÑ, ÉÌÉ ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎ
                             ÓÔÁÌ ÎÅÄÏÓÔÕÐÅÎ ÐÏÚÄÎÅÅ; ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÒÉ
                             ÎÁÂÌÀÄÅÎÉÉ ÐÏ ÉÍÅÎÉ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÐÒÉ --follow=ÉÍÑ
  -c, --bytes=î            ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÅ î ÂÁÊÔ
�      --sparse=ëïçäá           ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÅÍ ÒÁÚÒÑÖÅÎÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×
      --strip-trailing-slashes ÕÄÁÌÑÅÔ ×ÓÅ ËÏÎÅÞÎÙÅ ËÏÓÙÅ ÞÅÒÔÙ ÉÚ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ
                               ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÁ éóôïþîéë
�      --strip-trailing-slashes ÕÄÁÌÑÅÔ ×ÓÅ ËÏÎÅÞÎÙÅ ËÏÓÙÅ ÞÅÒÔÙ ÉÚ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ
                               ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÁ éóôïþîéë
  -S, --suffix=óõææéëó         ÐÅÒÅËÒÙ×ÁÅÔ ÏÂÙÞÎÙÊ ÓÕÆÆÉËÓ ÄÌÑ ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÙÈ ËÏÐÉÊ
�      --time            ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÊ ÍÏÄÉÆÉËÁÃÉÉ ×ÓÅÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ×
                          ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ ÉÌÉ ×ÓÅÈ ÅÇÏ ÐÏÄËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏ×
      --time=óìï÷ï      ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÅ óìï÷ïí ×ÒÅÍÑ, Á ÎÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ 
                          ÍÏÄÉÆÉËÁÃÉÉ: atime, access, use, ctime ÉÌÉ status
      --time-style=óôéìø ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ×ÒÅÍÑ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ óôéìø:
                          full-iso, long-iso, iso, +æïòíáô
                          æïòíáô ÉÎÔÅÒÐÒÅÔÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ ËÁË × `date'
�      --time-style=óôéìø     Ó -l, ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÊ óôéìø:
                             full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, +æïòíáô.
                             æïòíáô ÉÎÔÅÒÐÒÅÔÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ ËÁË × `date'; ÅÓÌÉ æïòíáô
                             -- ÜÔÏ æïòíáô1<ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄ-ÓÔÒÏËÉ>æïòíáô2, æïòíáô1
                             ÐÒÉÍÅÎÑÅÔÓÑ Ë ÓÔÁÒÙÍ ÆÁÊÌÁÍ, Á æïòíáô2 Ë ÎÏ×ÙÍ;
                             ÅÓÌÉ Ë óôéìà ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÐÒÅÆÉËÓ `posix-', ÔÏ ÏÎ
                             ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ × ÌÏËÁÌÉ, ÏÔÌÉÞÎÏÊ ÏÔ POSIX
  -t                         ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ
  -T, --tabsize=þéóìï        ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÛÁÇ ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÉ ÒÁ×ÎÙÍ þéóìõ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ 8
�      --verbose           ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÅ × ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ÐÏÔÏË ÏÛÉÂÏË ÐÅÒÅÄ
                          ÏÔËÒÙÔÉÅÍ ÏÞÅÒÅÄÎÏÇÏ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ
�      --version  ÐÏËÁÚÁÔØ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï ×ÅÒÓÉÉ É ×ÙÊÔÉ

�     òÁÚÍ   éÓÐ   äÏÓÔ  éÓÐ%%�    éÎÏÄÏ×   éÓÐÏÌ   ó×ÏÂ  éÓÐ %%�    òÁÚÍ  éÓÐ  äÏÓÔ  éÓÐ%%�  -evenp        ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -parenb cs8
* [-]lcase      ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ xcase iuclc olcuc
  litout        ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -parenb -istrip -opost cs8
  -litout       ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ parenb istrip opost cs7
  nl            ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -icrnl -onlcr
  -nl           ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ icrnl -inlcr -igncr onlcr -ocrnl -onlret
�  [-]cstopb     ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ Ä×Á ÒÁÚÄÅÌÑÀÝÉÈ ÂÉÔÁ ÎÁ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌ (ÏÄÉÎ, ÅÓÌÉ Ó `-')
  [-]hup        ÐÏÓÙÌÁÔØ ÓÉÇÎÁÌ ÏÂÒÙ×Á ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌØÎÏÊ ÌÉÎÉÉ, ËÏÇÄÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÊ
                ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ ÚÁËÒÙ×ÁÅÔ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ
  [-]hupcl      ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ [-]hup
  [-]parenb     ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÉ ×Ù×ÏÄÅ ÂÉÔ ÞÅÔÎÏÓÔÉ É ÏÖÉÄÁÔØ ÂÉÔ ÞÅÔÎÏÓÔÉ ÎÁ
                ××ÏÄÅ
  [-]parodd     ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÕ ÎÁ ÎÅÞÅÔÎÏÓÔØ (ÄÁÖÅ Ó `-')
�  [-]ignpar     ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ Ó ÏÛÉÂËÁÍÉ ÞÅÔÎÏÓÔÉ
* [-]imaxbel    ÐÒÉ ÐÅÒÅÐÏÌÎÅÎÎÏÍ ÂÕÆÅÒÅ ××ÏÄÁ ÐÏÄÁ×ÁÔØ Ú×ÕËÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÇÎÁÌ É ÎÅ
                ÓÂÒÁÓÙ×ÁÔØ ÂÕÆÅÒ, ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÑ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÉÊ ××ÏÄ
  [-]inlcr      ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×Ù×ÁÔØ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄ ÓÔÒÏËÉ × ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÔ ËÁÒÅÔËÉ
  [-]inpck      ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÕ ÞÅÔÎÏÓÔÉ ××ÏÄÁ
  [-]istrip     ÏÞÉÝÁÔØ ÓÔÁÒÛÉÊ (×ÏÓØÍÏÊ) ÂÉÔ ××ÏÄÉÍÙÈ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×
�  [-]isig       ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ interrupt, quit, É suspend
  [-]noflsh     ÚÁÐÒÅÔÉÔØ ÓÂÒÏÓ ÂÕÆÅÒÁ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÐÒÉÅÍÁ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÈ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ× interrupt
                É quit
* [-]prterase   ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ [-]echoprt
* [-]tostop     ÐÒÉÏÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ ÆÏÎÏ×ÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ, ÐÙÔÁÀÝÉÅÓÑ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÅÓÔÉ ÚÁÐÉÓØ
                ÎÁ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ
* [-]xcase      ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÁÔØ `\' ÄÌÑ ÚÁÇÌÁ×ÎÙÈ ÂÕË×, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ Ó icanon
�  cooked        ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ brkint ignpar istrip icrnl ixon opost isig icanon,
                ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ eof and eol ÉÍÅÀÔ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ
  -cooked       ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ raw
  crt           ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ echoe echoctl echoke
�  dec           ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ echoe echoctl echoke -ixany intr ^c erase 0177 kill ^u
* [-]decctlq    ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ [-]ixany
  ek            ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÄÌÑ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ× erase and kill ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ
  evenp         ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ parenb -parodd cs7
�  ispeed î      ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ××ÏÄÁ
* line î        ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌ ÌÉÎÉÉ î
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                ÄÌÑ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÅÎÉÑ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÉ ÞÔÅÎÉÑ
  ospeed î      ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ×Ù×ÏÄÁ
�  oddp          ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ parenb parodd cs7
  -oddp         ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -parenb cs8
  [-]parity     ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ [-]evenp
  pass8         ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -parenb -istrip cs8
  -pass8        ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ parenb istrip cs7
�  raw           ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -ignbrk -brkint -ignpar -parmrk -inpck -istrip
                -inlcr -igncr -icrnl  -ixon  -ixoff  -iuclc  -ixany
                -imaxbel -opost -isig -icanon -xcase min 1 time 0
  -raw          ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ cooked
�  sane          ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ cread -ignbrk brkint -inlcr -igncr icrnl -iutf8
                -ixoff -iuclc -ixany imaxbel opost -olcuc -ocrnl onlcr
                -onocr -onlret -ofill -ofdel nl0 cr0 tab0 bs0 vt0 ff0
                isig icanon iexten echo echoe echok -echonl -noflsh
                -xcase -tostop -echoprt echoctl echoke, ×ÓÅ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÚÎÁËÉ
                ÉÍÅÀÔ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ
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�  %n   ÎÏ×ÁÑ ÓÔÒÏËÁ
  %N   ÎÁÎÏÓÅËÕÎÄÙ (000000000..999999999)
  %p   ÍÅÓÔÎÙÊ ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔ AM ÉÌÉ PM; ÐÕÓÔÏ ÅÓÌÉ ÎÅÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÏ
  %P   ËÁË %p, ÎÏ ÓÔÒÏÞÎÙÍÉ ÂÕË×ÁÍÉ
  %r   ×ÒÅÍÑ ÐÏ ÌÏËÁÌÉ, 12-ÞÁÓÏ×ÏÊ ÆÏÒÍÁÔ (ÎÁÐÒ., 11:11:04 PM)
  %R   ÞÁÓÙ É ÍÉÎÕÔÙ ÐÏ ÌÏËÁÌÉ, 24-ÞÁÓÏ×ÏÊ ÆÏÒÍÁÔ; ÁÎÁÌÏÇ %H:%M
  %s   ÞÉÓÌÏ ÓÅËÕÎÄ, ÉÓÔÅËÛÉÈ Ó 1970-01-01 00:00:00  UTC
�  %u   ID ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ-×ÌÁÄÅÌØÃÁ
  %U   éÍÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ-×ÌÁÄÅÌØÃÁ
  %x   ÷ÒÅÍÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÇÏ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ
  %X   ÷ÒÅÍÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÇÏ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ × ÓÅËÕÎÄÁÈ Ó ÎÁÞÁÌÁ üÐÏÈÉ
  %y   ÷ÒÅÍÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÊ ÍÏÄÉÆÉËÁÃÉÉ
  %Y   ÷ÒÅÍÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÊ ÍÏÄÉÆÉËÁÃÉÉ × ÓÅËÕÎÄÁÈ Ó ÎÁÞÁÌÁ üÐÏÈÉ
  %z   ÷ÒÅÍÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÇÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ
  %Z   ÷ÒÅÍÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÇÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÓÅËÕÎÄÁÈ Ó ÎÁÞÁÌÁ üÐÏÈÉ

�  %x   ÍÅÓÔÎÏÅ ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÄÁÔÙ (ÎÁÐÒ., ÄÄ/ÍÍ/ÇÇ)
  %X   ÍÅÓÔÎÏÅ ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ (ÎÁÐÒ.,  23:13:48)
  %y   ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÅ Ä×Å ÃÉÆÒÙ ÇÏÄÁ (00..99)
  %Y   ÇÏÄ
�  %z   +ÞÞÍÍ ÞÁÓÏ×ÏÊ ÐÏÑÓ (ÎÁÐÒ., -0400)
  %:z  +ÞÞ:ÍÍ ÞÁÓÏ×ÏÊ ÐÏÑÓ (ÎÁÐÒ., -04:00)
  %::z +ÞÞ:ÍÍ:ÓÓ ÞÁÓÏ×ÏÊ ÐÏÑÓ (ÎÁÐÒ., -04:00:00)
  %:::z ÞÁÓÏ×ÏÊ ÐÏÑÓ Ó ÄÏÓÔÁÔÏÞÎÙÍ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×ÏÍ Ä×ÏÅÔÏÞÉÊ (ÎÁÐÒ., -04, +05:30)
  %Z   ÁÌÆÁ×ÉÔÎÏÅ ÓÏËÒÁÝÅÎÉÅ ÞÁÓÏ×ÏÇÏ ÐÏÑÓÁ (ÎÁÐÒ., EDT)

ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ date ÄÏÐÏÌÎÑÅÔ ÞÉÓÌÏ×ÙÅ ÐÏÌÑ ÎÕÌÑÍÉ.
ðÏÓÌÅ `%' ÍÏÇÕÔ ÉÄÔÉ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÎÅÏÂÑÚÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÆÌÁÇÉ:

- (ÄÅÆÉÓ) ÎÅ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÜÔÏ ÐÏÌÅ
  _ (ÐÏÄÞÅÒË) ÄÏÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÐÒÏÂÅÌÁÍÉ
  0 (ÎÕÌØ) ÄÏÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÎÕÌÑÍÉ
  ^ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ×ÅÒÈÎÉÊ ÒÅÇÉÓÔÒ, ÅÓÌÉ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ
  # ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÔÉ×ÏÐÏÌÏÖÎÙÊ ÒÅÇÉÓÔÒ, ÅÓÌÉ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ
�  + ìåëóåíá                  ×ÏÓÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÔØ ìåëóåíõ ËÁË ÓÔÒÏËÕ, ÄÁÖÅ ÅÓÌÉ ÜÔÏ
                             ËÌÀÞÅ×ÏÅ ÓÌÏ×Ï, ËÁË `match', ÉÌÉ ÏÐÅÒÁÔÏÒ, ËÁË `/'

( ÷ùòáöåîéå )              ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÷ùòáöåîéñ
�  +ðåò÷áñ_óôòáîéãá[:ðïóìåäîññ_óôòáîéãá], --pages=ðåò÷áñ_óôòáîéãá[:ðïóìåäîññ_óôòáîéãá]
                    ÎÁÞÁÔØ [ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÉÔØ] ÐÅÞÁÔØ ÎÁ ðåò÷ïê_[ðïóìåäîåê_]óôòáîéãå
  -þéóìï, --columns=þéóìï
                    ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìï ËÏÌÏÎÏË É ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÉÈ ×ÎÉÚ, ÅÓÌÉ
                    ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÅ ÕËÁÚÁÎ ËÌÀÞ -a.  âÁÌÁÎÓÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÞÉÓÌÏ ÓÔÒÏË ×
                    ËÏÌÏÎËÅ ÎÁ ËÁÖÄÏÊ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ.
�  -A, --address-radix=ïóîï÷áîéå  ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÓÍÅÝÅÎÉÑ × ÆÁÊÌÁÈ × ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ
                                 ÓÞÉÓÌÅÎÉÑ
  -j, --skip-bytes=î             ÐÒÏÐÕÓÔÉÔØ ÐÅÒ×ÙÅ î ÂÁÊÔ
�  -A, --auto-reference           ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÓÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ÓÓÙÌËÉ
  -C, --copyright                ÐÏËÁÚÁÔØ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ ÏÂ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÈ ÐÒÁ×ÁÈ É
                                 ÕÓÌÏ×ÉÑ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
  -G, --traditional              ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ × ÒÅÖÉÍÅ ÂÏÌØÛÅÊ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ Ó
                                 ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÏÊ `ptx' ÉÚ System V
  -F, --flag-truncation=óôòïëá   ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ óôòïëõ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÍÅÔËÉ ÕÓÅÞÅÎÉÑ ÓÔÒÏË
�  -C                         ×ÙÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÓÐÉÓÏË × ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ËÏÌÏÎÏË
      --color[=ëïçäá]        ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ, ÎÕÖÎÏ ÌÉ ×ÙÄÅÌÑÔØ ÔÉÐÙ ÆÁÊÌÏ× Ã×ÅÔÏÍ.
                               ëïçäá ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ `never' (ÎÅ ×ÙÄÅÌÑÔØ), `always'
                               (×ÙÄÅÌÑÔØ) ÉÌÉ `auto' (ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÔ ÏÔ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ)
  -d, --directory            ×ÙÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÉÍÅÎÁ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏ×, Á ÎÅ ÉÈ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ, Á
                               ÔÁËÖÅ ÎÅ ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ ÓÓÙÌËÁÍ
  -D, --dired                ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ×Ù×ÏÄ ÄÌÑ ÒÅÖÉÍÁ Emacs Dired
�  -D                  ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ×ÓÅ ÎÁÞÁÌØÎÙÅ ÓÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÀÝÉÅ îáúîáþåîéñ ËÒÏÍÅ
                        ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÇÏ, ÚÁÔÅÍ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ éóôïþîéë × îáúîáþåîéå
  -g, --group=çòõððá  ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ çòõððõ, Á ÎÅ ÇÒÕÐÐÕ ÔÅËÕÝÅÇÏ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ
  -m, --mode=òåöéí    ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ òåöéí (ËÁË chmod), Á ÎÅ rwxr-xr-x
  -o, --owner=÷ìáäåìåã ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ ÷ìáäåìøãá (ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÌÑ ÓÕÐÅÒÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ)
�  -D, --all-repeated[=delimit-method] ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ×ÓÅ ÐÏ×ÔÏÒÑÀÝÉÅÓÑ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
                        delimit-method={none(ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ),prepend,separate)}
                        òÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÉÅ ÄÅÌÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÏ ÐÕÓÔÙÍ ÓÔÒÏËÁÍ.
  -f, --skip-fields=î   ÎÅ ÓÒÁ×ÎÉ×ÁÔØ ÐÅÒ×ÙÅ î ÐÏÌÅÊ
  -i, --ignore-case     ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÉ ÓÒÁ×ÎÅÎÉÉ ÒÅÇÉÓÔÒ
  -s, --skip-chars=î    ÎÅ ÓÒÁ×ÎÉ×ÁÔØ ÐÅÒ×ÙÅ î ÚÎÁËÏ×
  -u, --unique          ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÅÐÏ×ÔÏÒÑÀÝÉÅÓÑ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
�  -D, --date-format=æïòíáô
                    ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÌÑ ÄÁÔÙ × ÚÁÇÏÌÏ×ËÅ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÊ æïòíáô
  -e[úîáë[þéóìï]], --expand-tabs[=úîáë[þéóìï]]
                    ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×Ù×ÁÔØ ×ÈÏÄÎÙÅ úîáëé (ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÀ) × ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìï
                    ÐÒÏÂÅÌÏ× (8)
  -F, -f, --form-feed
                    ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÌÑ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃ ÚÎÁË ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ,
                    Á ÎÅ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ (Ó ÔÒÅÈÓÔÒÏÞÎÙÍ ÚÁÇÏÌÏ×ËÏÍ, ÅÓÌÉ ÅÓÔØ
                    ËÌÀÞ -F, É ÐÑÔÉÓÔÒÏÞÎÙÍ ÚÁÇÏÌÏ×ËÏÍ É ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÉÔÅÌÅÍ, ÅÓÌÉ
                    ËÌÀÞ -F ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ)
�  -L æáêì     æáêì ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ É Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÏÊ ÓÓÙÌËÏÊ (ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔ -h)
  -O æáêì     æáêì ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ É ÐÒÉÎÁÄÌÅÖÉÔ ÔÅËÕÝÅÍÕ ÜÆÆÅËÔÉ×ÎÏÍÕ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ
  -p æáêì     æáêì ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ É Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍ ËÁÎÁÌÏÍ
  -r æáêì     æáêì ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÅÎ ÄÌÑ ÞÔÅÎÉÑ
  -s æáêì     æáêì ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ É ÉÍÅÅÔ ÎÅÎÕÌÅ×ÏÊ ÒÁÚÍÅÒ
�  -L, --dereference     ÒÁÚÙÍÅÎÏ×Ù×ÁÔØ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÅ ÓÓÙÌËÉ
  -P, --no-dereference  ÎÅ ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ ÓÓÙÌËÁÍ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ)
  -0, --null            ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÁÔØ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÕÀ ÓÔÒÏËÕ ÎÕÌÅÍ, Á ÎÅ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÏÍ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
  -S, --separate-dirs   ÎÅ ×ËÌÀÞÁÔØ ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏ×
  -s, --summarize       ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÉÔÏÇ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÁ
�  -L, --max-line-length  ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÄÌÉÎÕ ÎÁÉÂÏÌØÛÅÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
  -w, --words            ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÞÉÓÌÏ ÓÌÏ×
�  -M, --macro-name=óôòïëá        ÉÍÑ ÍÁËÒÏ, ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
                                 ×ÍÅÓÔÏ `xx'
  -O, --format=roff              ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ×Ù×ÏÄ × ×ÉÄÅ ÄÉÒÅËÔÉ× roff
  -R, --right-side-refs          ÐÏÍÅÝÁÔØ ÓÓÙÌËÉ ÓÐÒÁ×Á, ÎÅ ÕÞÉÔÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÉ -w
  -S, --sentence-regexp=REGEXP   ÄÌÑ ËÏÎÃÁ ÓÔÒÏË ÉÌÉ ËÏÎÃÁ ÐÒÅÄÌÏÖÅÎÉÊ
  -T, --format=tex               ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ×Ù×ÏÄ × ×ÉÄÅ ÄÉÒÅËÔÉ× TeX
�  -N, --read-bytes=î             ÓÞÉÔÙ×ÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ î ÂÁÊÔ × ËÁÖÄÏÍ ÆÁÊÌÅ
  -s, --strings[=î]              ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÄÌÉÎÏÊ ÐÏ ÍÅÎØÛÅÊ ÍÅÒÅ î
                                   ÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÚÎÁËÏ×
  -t, --format=ôéð               ×ÙÂÉÒÁÅÔ ÆÏÒÍÁÔ ÉÌÉ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÙ ×Ù×ÏÄÁ
  -v, --output-duplicates        ÎÅ ÐÏÍÅÞÁÔØ ÚÎÁËÏÍ * ÎÅ×Ù×ÏÄÉÍÙÅ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
  -w, --width[=î]                ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ î ÂÁÊÔ × ËÁÖÄÏÊ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÅ
      --traditional              ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÔØ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÙ × ÔÒÁÄÉÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ ÆÏÒÍÅ
�  -P, --no-dereference         ÎÅ ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ ÓÓÙÌËÁÍ
�  -P, --portability     ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ POSIX
      --sync            ×ÙÚÙ×ÁÔØ sync ÐÅÒÅÄ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÅÍ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ ÏÂ
                        ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ ÂÌÏËÏ×
  -t, --type=ôéð        ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÉÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÇÏ ôéðá
  -T, --print-type      ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÔÉÐ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ
  -x, --exclude-type=ôéð  ÉÓËÌÀÞÉÔØ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÇÏ ôéðá
  -v                    (ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ)
�  -R, -r, --recursive          ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÒÅËÕÒÓÉ×ÎÏ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ
      --remove-destination     ÕÄÁÌÑÔØ ËÁÖÄÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ ÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÔÅÍ,
                                 ËÁË ÐÏÐÙÔËÏÊ ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÅÇÏ (ÏÂÒÁÔÎÏ Ë --force)
�  -S                         ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÕ ÆÁÊÌÁ
      --sort=óìï÷ï           extension -X, none -U, size -S, time -t,
                             version -v, status -c, time -t, atime -u,
                             access -u, use -u
      --time=óìï÷ï           Ó -l, ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ×ÒÅÍÑ,
                             ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ óìï÷ïí: atime, access, use, ctime ÉÌÉ
                             status; ÅÓÌÉ --sort=time, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÅ
                             ×ÒÅÍÑ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ËÌÀÞÁ ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ËÉ
�  -S æáêì     æáêì ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ É Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÓÏËÅÔÏÍ
  -t [äæ]     ÄÅÓËÒÉÐÔÏÒ ÆÁÊÌÁ äæ ÏÔËÒÙÔ ÎÁ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÅ
  -u æáêì     æáêì ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ É ÉÍÅÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ set-user-ID
  -w æáêì     æáêì ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ É ÄÏÓÔÕÐÅÎ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ
  -x æáêì     æáêì ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ É Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÉÓÐÏÌÎÑÅÍÙÍ
�  -S, --suffix=óõææéëó         ÚÁÄÁÅÔ óõææéëó ÄÌÑ ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÙÈ ËÏÐÉÊ
  -t, --target-directory=ëáôáìïç  ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ëáôáìïç, × ËÏÔÏÒÏÍ ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ
                                 ÓÓÙÌËÉ
  -T, --no-target-directory    ÓÞÉÔÁÔØ éíñ_óóùìëé ÏÂÙÞÎÙÍ ÆÁÊÌÏÍ
  -v, --verbose                ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÉÍÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÅÍ ÓÓÙÌËÉ
�  -S[óôòïëá], --sep-string[=óôòïëá]
�  -T, --omit-pagination
                    ÎÅ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÚÁÇÏÌÏ×ËÉ É ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÁ
                    ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ ×Ï ×ÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÁÈ
  -v, --show-nonprinting
                    ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÚÁÐÉÓØ Ó `\' É ×ÏÓØÍÅÒÉÞÎÙÍ ËÏÄÏÍ
  -w ûéòéîá_óôòáîéãù, --width=ûéòéîá_óôòáîéãù
                    ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ûéòéîõ_óôòáîéãù (72) × ÓÔÏÌÂÃÁÈ ÄÌÑ
                    ×Ù×ÏÄÁ × ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ËÏÌÏÎÏË, -s[ÚÎÁË] ×ÙËÌÀÞÁÅÔ (72)
�  -T, -w, --mesg    ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÔØ ÓÔÁÔÕÓ ÐÒÉÅÍÁ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ ËÁË  +, - ÉÌÉ ?
  -u, --users       ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÉÔØ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ
      --message     ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔ -T
      --writable    ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔ -T
�  -W ûéòéîá_óôòáîéãù, --page-width=ûéòéîá_óôòáîéãù
                    ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ûéòéîõ_óôòáîéãù (72) × ÓÔÏÌÂÃÁÈ, ÕÓÅËÁÔØ ÓÔÒÏËÉ,
                    ÅÓÌÉ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÅÔ ËÌÀÞÁ -J; ÎÅ ÚÁÔÒÁÇÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ËÌÀÞÁÍÉ -S ÉÌÉ -s
�  -W, --word-regexp=REGEXP       ÒÅÇÕÌÑÒÎÏÅ ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ ÄÌÑ ËÌÀÞÅ×ÙÈ ÓÌÏ×
  -b, --break-file=æáêì          æáêì Ó ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÁÍÉ-ÒÁÚÄÅÌÉÔÅÌÑÍÉ ÓÌÏ×
  -f, --ignore-case              ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×Ù×ÁÔØ Ë ×ÅÒÈÎÅÍÕ ÒÅÇÉÓÔÒÕ ÐÒÉ
                                 ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ËÅ
  -g, --gap-size=þéóìï           ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ÐÒÏÍÅÖÕÔËÁ ÍÅÖÄÕ ÐÏÌÑÍÉ ×Ù×ÏÄÁ,
                                 ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÎÙÊ × ÓÔÏÌÂÃÁÈ
  -i, --ignore-file=æáêì         ÓÞÉÔÁÔØ ÐÅÒÅÞÅÎØ ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÅÍÙÈ ÓÌÏ× ÉÚ æáêìá
  -o, --only-file=æáêì           ÔÏÌØËÏ ÓÞÉÔÁÔØ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÓÌÏ× ÉÚ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÇÏ æáêìá
�  -a                     ÉÚÍÅÎÑÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ
  -c, --no-create        ÎÅ ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌÏ×
  -d, --date=STRING      ÐÒÏÁÎÁÌÉÚÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ STRING É ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ
                          ÔÅËÕÝÅÇÏ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ
  -f                     (ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ)
  -m                     ÉÚÍÅÎÑÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ
�  -a, --across      ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ËÏÌÏÎËÉ ×ÄÏÌØ, Á ÎÅ ×ÎÉÚ; ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ×ÍÅÓÔÅ Ó
                    ËÌÀÞÏÍ -þéóìï
  -c, --show-control-chars
                    ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÚÁÐÉÓØ Ó ÛÁÐÏÞËÏÊ (^G) ÉÌÉ ÏÂÒÁÔÎÏÊ ËÏÓÏÊ
                    ÞÅÒÔÏÊ (É ×ÏÓØÍÅÒÉÞÎÙÍ ËÏÄÏÍ)
  -d,  --double-space
                    ×ÓÔÁ×ÌÑÔØ ÐÕÓÔÕÀ ÓÔÒÏËÕ ÐÏÓÌÅ ËÁÖÄÏÊ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
�  -a, --all                  ÎÅ ÓËÒÙ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÎÁÞÉÎÁÀÝÉÅÓÑ Ó .
  -A, --almost-all           ÎÅ ×ÙÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÐÏÄÒÁÚÕÍÅ×ÁÅÍÙÅ . É ..
      --author               ×ÍÅÓÔÅ Ó -l, ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ Á×ÔÏÒÁ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ
  -b, --escape               ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ×ÏÓØÍÅÒÉÞÎÙÅ escape-ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ
                             ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÎÅÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÚÎÁËÏ×
�  -a, --all             ×ËÌÀÞÁÔØ ×ÉÒÔÕÁÌØÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ
  -B, --block-size=òáúíåò ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÂÌÏËÉ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÇÏ òáúíåòá (× ÂÁÊÔÁÈ)
  -h, --human-readable  ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÙ × ÕÄÏÂÎÏÍ ÄÌÑ ÞÅÌÏ×ÅËÁ ×ÉÄÅ
                         (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, 1K 234M 2G)
  -H, --si              ÔÏ ÖÅ, ÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÔÅÐÅÎÉ 1000, Á ÎÅ 1024
�  -a, --all             ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÏÂßÅÍ ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×, Á ÎÅ ÔÏÌØËÏ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏ×
      --apparent-size   ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÙ, Á ÎÅ ÚÁÎÉÍÁÅÍÏÅ ÎÁ
                          ÄÉÓËÅ  ÍÅÓÔÏ; ÈÏÔÑ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ
                          ÍÅÎØÛÅ, ÉÎÏÇÄÁ ÏÎ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÂÏÌØÛÅ ÉÚ-ÚÁ ÄÙÒ ×
                          ÆÁÊÌÁÈ, ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÅÊ ÆÒÁÇÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ, ËÏÓ×ÅÎÎÙÈ ÂÌÏËÏ× É ÔÐ
  -B, --block-size=òáúíåò ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÂÌÏËÉ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÇÏ òáúíåòá (× ÂÁÊÔÁÈ)
  -b, --bytes           ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÒÁÚÍÅÒ × ÂÁÊÔÁÈ
  -c, --total           ÐÏÄÓÞÉÔÙ×ÁÔØ ÉÔÏÇ
  -D, --dereference-args  ÒÁÚÙÍÅÎÏ×Ù×ÁÔØ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÅ ÓÓÙÌËÉ
�  -a, --all         ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×Ù×ÁÔØ ×ÓÅ ÐÒÏÂÅÌØÎÙÅ ÚÎÁËÉ, Á ÎÅ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÁÞÁÌØÎÙÅ
      --first-only  ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×Ù×ÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÁÞÁÌØÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÂÅÌØÎÙÅ ÚÎÁËÉ
                      (ÐÅÒÅËÒÙ×ÁÅÔ -a)
  -t, --tabs=þéóìï  ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÀ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÊ ÛÉÒÉÎÙ, Á ÎÅ 8 (×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ -a)
  -t, --tabs=óðéóïë ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÙÊ óðéóïë (ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÊ ÚÁÐÑÔÙÍÉ) ÐÏÚÉÃÉÊ
                       ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÉ (×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ -a)
�  -a, --archive                ÔÏÖÅ ÞÔÏ É -dpR
      --backup[=CONTROL]       ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÕÀ ËÏÐÉÀ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÉÅÍ
  -b                           ÔÏ ÖÅ, ÞÔÏ É --backup, ÎÏ ÂÅÚ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÁ
      --copy-contents          ËÏÐÉÒÕÅÔ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×, × ÒÅËÕÒÓÉ×ÎÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ
  -d                           ÔÏ ÖÅ, ÞÔÏ É --no-dereference --preserve=link
�  -a, --suffix-length=î   ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÕÆÆÉËÓÙ ÄÌÉÎÙ î (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ %d)
  -b, --bytes=þéóìï       ÚÁÐÉÓÙ×ÁÔØ × ËÁÖÄÙÊ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÏÊ ÆÁÊÌ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìï ÂÁÊÔ
  -C, --line-bytes=þéóìï  ÚÁÐÉÓÙ×ÁÔØ ÎÅ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÇÏ þéóìá ÂÁÊÔ ÉÚ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
  -d, --numeric-suffixes  ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÞÉÓÌÏ×ÙÅ, Á ÎÅ ÁÌÆÁ×ÉÔÎÙÅ ÓÕÆÆÉËÓÙ
  -l, --lines=þéóìï       ÚÁÐÉÓÙ×ÁÔØ × ËÁÖÄÙÊ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÏÊ ÆÁÊÌ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìï ÓÔÒÏË
�  -b, --before             ÐÒÉÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÔØ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÉÔÅÌØ Ë ÎÁÞÁÌÕ, Á ÎÅ Ë ËÏÎÃÕ
  -r, --regex              ×ÏÓÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÔØ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÉÔÅÌØ ËÁË ÒÅÇÕÌÑÒÎÏÅ ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ
  -s, --separator=óôòïëá   ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ËÁË ÒÁÚÄÅÌÉÔÅÌØ óôòïëõ, Á ÎÅ ÚÎÁË `\n'
�  -b, --binary            ÞÉÔÁÔØ × Ä×ÏÉÞÎÏÍ ÒÅÖÉÍÅ

�  -b, --binary            ÞÉÔÁÔØ × Ä×ÏÉÞÎÏÍ ÒÅÖÉÍÅ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, ÅÓÌÉ ÞÉÔÁÅÔÓÑ
                          ÎÅ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌØÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ)
�  -b, --body-numbering=óôéìø      ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ óôéìø ÎÕÍÅÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÓÔÒÏË ÔÅÌÁ
  -d, --section-delimiter=óó      ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ óó ÄÌÑ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÌÏÇÉÞÅÓËÉÈ
                                  ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃ
  -f, --footer-numbering=óôéìø    ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ óôéìø ÎÕÍÅÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÓÔÒÏË ÎÉÖÎÅÇÏ
                                  ËÏÌÏÎÔÉÔÕÌÁ
�  -b, --bytes         ÓÞÉÔÁÔØ ÂÁÊÔÙ, Á ÎÅ ÓÔÏÌÂÃÙ
  -s, --spaces        ÒÁÚÂÉ×ÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÁ ÐÒÏÂÅÌÁÈ
  -w, --width=þéóìï   ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìï ÓÔÏÌÂÃÏ×, Á ÎÅ 80
�  -b, --bytes=óðéóïë             ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÙÅ ÂÁÊÔÙ
  -c, --characters=óðéóïë        ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÙÅ ÚÎÁËÉ
  -d, --delimiter=òáúäåìéôåìø    ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÌÑ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÐÏÌÅÊ òáúäåìéôåìø
                                 ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÉ
�  -b, --ignore-leading-blanks ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÎÁÞÁÌØÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÐÕÓËÉ
  -d, --dictionary-order      ÒÁÓÓÍÁÔÒÉ×ÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÒÏÐÕÓËÉ, ÂÕË×Ù É ÃÉÆÒÙ
  -f, --ignore-case           ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÒÅÇÉÓÔÒ ÂÕË×
�  -b, --suffix-format=æïòíáô ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ æïòíáô ËÁË × sprintf ×ÍÅÓÔÏ %02d
  -f, --prefix=ðòåæéëó       ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ðòåæéëó ×ÍÅÓÔÏ `xx'
  -k, --keep-files           ÎÅ ÕÄÁÌÑÔØ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÐÒÉ ÏÛÉÂËÅ
�  -c  --format=æïòíáô   ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÊ æïòíáô, Á ÎÅ ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÅÍÙÊ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ;
                          ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÉÔØ ÓÔÒÏËÕ ÐÏÓÌÅ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ æïòíáôá
      --printf=FORMAT   ËÁË --format, ÎÏ ÉÎÔÅÒÐÒÅÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÉÅ
                          ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ É ÎÅ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÉÔØ ÓÔÒÏËÕ × ËÏÎÃÅ.
                          åÓÌÉ ×ÁÍ ÎÕÖÅÎ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄ ÓÔÒÏËÉ, ×ÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ × æïòíáô \n.
  -t, --terse           ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ × ËÏÍÐÁËÔÎÏÊ ÆÏÒÍÅ
�  -c, --bytes=[-]N         ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÐÅÒ×ÙÅ N ÂÁÊÔ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ;
                             ÅÓÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÄ N ÓÔÏÉÔ `-', ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ×ÓÅ, ËÒÏÍÅ N
                             ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÈ ÂÁÊÔ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ
  -n, --lines=[-]N         ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÐÅÒ×ÙÅ N ÓÔÒÏË ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ, Á ÎÅ 10;
                             ÅÓÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÄ N ÓÔÏÉÔ `-', ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ×ÓÅ, ËÒÏÍÅ N
                             ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÈ ÓÔÒÏË ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ
�  -c, --check             ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÕÍÍÙ %s ÉÚ æáêìï÷ É Ó×ÅÒÑÅÔ ÉÈ
�  -c, --count           ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÞÉÓÌÏ ÐÏ×ÔÏÒÏ× × ÎÁÞÁÌÅ ËÁÖÄÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
  -d, --repeated        ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÏ×ÔÏÒÑÀÝÉÅÓÑ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
�  -c, --crown-margin       ÓÏÈÒÁÎÑÔØ ÏÔÓÔÕÐÙ Ä×ÕÈ ÐÅÒ×ÙÈ ÓÔÒÏË
  -p, --prefix=óôòïëá      ÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÓÔÒÏËÉ, ÎÁÞÉÎÁÀÝÉÅÓÑ ÓÏ óôòïëé,
                             ÓÏÈÒÁÎÑÑ ÐÒÉ ÜÔÏÍ ÐÒÅÆÉËÓ ÓÔÒÏË
  -s, --split-only         ÒÁÚÂÉ×ÁÔØ ÄÌÉÎÎÙÅ ÓÔÒÏËÉ, ÎÏ ÎÅ ÚÁÐÏÌÎÑÔØ
�  -d, --delimiters=óðéóïë    ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÉ ÚÎÁËÉ ÉÚ óðéóëá
  -s, --serial               ÏÂÒÁÂÁÔÙ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏ
�  -e             ÉÎÔÅÒÐÒÅÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÉÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ
  -E             ÎÅ ÉÎÔÅÒÐÒÅÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÉÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ)
�  -e             ÉÎÔÅÒÐÒÅÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÉÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ)
  -E             ÎÅ ÉÎÔÅÒÐÒÅÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÉÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ
�  -f                         ÎÅ ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ, ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ -aU, ×ÙËÌÀÞÁÅÔ -lst
  -F, --classify             ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÔØ Ë ÉÍÅÎÉ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÉÎÄÉËÁÔÏÒ (ÏÄÉÎ ÉÚ */=>@|)
      --file-type            ÁÎÁÌÏÇÉÞÎÏ, ÎÏ ÎÅ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÔØ `*'
      --format=óìï÷ï         across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l,
                               single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C
      --full-time            ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÐÏÌÎÕÀ ÄÁÔÕ É ×ÒÅÍÑ
�  -f              ÏÐÕÓÔÉÔØ × ËÒÁÔËÏÍ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ ÓÔÒÏËÕ Ó ÚÁÇÏÌÏ×ËÁÍÉ ËÏÌÏÎÏË
  -w              ÏÐÕÓÔÉÔØ × ËÒÁÔËÏÍ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ ÐÏÌÎÏÅ ÉÍÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ
  -i              ÏÐÕÓÔÉÔØ × ËÒÁÔËÏÍ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ ÐÏÌÎÏÅ ÉÍÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ É ÉÍÑ
                  ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÍÁÛÉÎÙ
  -q              ÏÐÕÓÔÉÔØ × ËÒÁÔËÏÍ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ ÐÏÌÎÏÅ ÉÍÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ, ÉÍÑ
                  ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÍÁÛÉÎÙ É ×ÒÅÍÑ ÎÅÁËÔÉ×ÎÏÓÔÉ
�  -f   ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -t fF, ÞÉÓÌÁ Ó ÐÌÁ×ÁÀÝÅÊ ÔÏÞËÏÊ
  -i   ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -t dI, ÄÅÓÑÔÉÞÎÙÅ ÃÅÌÙÅ
  -l   ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -t dL, ÄÅÓÑÔÉÞÎÙÅ ÄÌÉÎÎÙÅ ÃÅÌÙÅ
  -o   ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -t o2, ×ÏÓØÍÅÒÉÞÎÙÅ Ä×ÕÈÂÁÊÔÏ×ÙÅ ÅÄÉÎÉÃÙ
  -s   ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -t d2, ÄÅÓÑÔÉÞÎÙÅ Ä×ÕÈÂÁÊÔÏ×ÙÅ ÅÄÉÎÉÃÙ
  -x   ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -t x2, ÛÅÓÔÎÁÄÃÁÔÅÒÉÞÎÙÅ Ä×ÕÈÂÁÊÔÏ×ÙÅ ÅÄÉÎÉÃÙ
�  -f æáêì     æáêì ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ É Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÏÂÙÞÎÙÍ ÆÁÊÌÏÍ
  -g æáêì     æáêì ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ É ÉÍÅÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ set-group-ID
  -G æáêì     æáêì ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ É ÐÒÉÎÁÄÌÅÖÉÔ ÔÅËÕÝÅÊ ÜÆÆÅËÔÉ×ÎÏÊ ÇÒÕÐÐÅ
  -h æáêì     æáêì ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ É Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÏÊ ÓÓÙÌËÏÊ (ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔ -L)
  -k æáêì     æáêì ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ É ÉÍÅÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ sticky
�  -f, --canonicalize            ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ËÁÎÏÎÉÞÅÓËÏÅ ÉÍÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÐÕÔÅÍ
                                ÒÅËÕÒÓÉ×ÎÏÇÏ ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÐÏ ×ÓÅÍ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ
                                ÓÓÙÌËÁÍ × ËÁÖÄÏÍ ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÅ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÐÕÔÉ;
                                ×ÓÅ ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÙ ÐÕÔÉ, ËÒÏÍÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÇÏ,
                                ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï×ÁÔØ
  -e, --canonicalize-existing   ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ËÁÎÏÎÉÞÅÓËÏÅ ÉÍÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÐÕÔÅÍ
                                ÒÅËÕÒÓÉ×ÎÏÇÏ ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÐÏ ×ÓÅÍ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ
                                ÓÓÙÌËÁÍ × ËÁÖÄÏÍ ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÅ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÐÕÔÉ;
                                ×ÓÅ ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÙ ÐÕÔÉ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï×ÁÔØ
  -m, --canonicalize-missing    ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ËÁÎÏÎÉÞÅÓËÏÅ ÉÍÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÐÕÔÅÍ
                                ÒÅËÕÒÓÉ×ÎÏÇÏ ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÐÏ ×ÓÅÍ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ
                                ÓÓÙÌËÁÍ × ËÁÖÄÏÍ ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÅ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÐÕÔÉ;
                                ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÙ ÐÕÔÉ ÎÅ ÏÂÑÚÁÎÙ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï×ÁÔØ
  -n, --no-newline              ÎÅ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÁÀÝÉÊ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
  -q, --quiet,
  -s, --silent                  ÐÏÄÁ×ÌÑÔØ ×Ù×ÏÄ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Á ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ ÏÂ ÏÛÉÂËÁÈ
  -v, --verbose                 ÓÏÏÂÝÁÔØ ÏÂ ÏÛÉÂËÁÈ
�  -f, --fields=óðéóïë            ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÙÅ ÐÏÌÑ; ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ
                                 ×ÓÅ ÓÔÒÏËÉ, ÎÅ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÉÅ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÉÔÅÌÅÊ, ÅÓÌÉ
                                 ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÌÀÞ -s
  -n                             (ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ)
�  -f, --follow[={name|descriptor}]
                           ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÐÏÓÔÕÐÁÀÝÉÅ ÄÁÎÎÙÅ ÐÏ ÍÅÒÅ ÒÏÓÔÁ ÆÁÊÌÁ;
                             -f, --follow É --follow=descriptor ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔÎÙ
  -F                       ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔ --follow=name --retry
�  -f, --force                  ÅÓÌÉ ÎÅÌØÚÑ ÏÔËÒÙÔØ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ ÆÁÊÌ,
                                 ÕÄÁÌÉÔØ ÅÇÏ É ÐÏÐÒÏÂÏ×ÁÔØ ÅÝÅ ÒÁÚ
  -i, --interactive            ÓÐÒÁÛÉ×ÁÔØ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÔÅÍ ËÁË ÐÅÒÅÐÉÓÙ×ÁÔØ
  -H                           ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ ÓÓÙÌËÁÍ × ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÅ
�  -f, --force    ÉÚÍÅÎÑÔØ ÐÒÁ×Á, ÒÁÚÒÅÛÁÑ ÚÁÐÉÓØ, ÅÓÌÉ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ
  -n, --iterations=N  ÐÅÒÅÐÉÓÁÔØ N ÒÁÚ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ (%d) ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ
  -s, --size=N   ÏÞÉÓÔÉÔØ N ÂÁÊÔ (×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙ ÓÕÆÆÉËÓÙ ×ÉÄÁ K, M, G)
�  -f, --silent, --quiet   ÐÏÄÁ×ÌÑÔØ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ ÏÂ ÏÛÉÂËÁÈ
  -v, --verbose           ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÄÉÁÇÎÏÓÔÉÞÅÓËÉÅ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ
      --reference=ïæáêì   ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÒÅÖÉÍ ïæáêìá ×ÍÅÓÔÏ Ñ×ÎÏÇÏ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÑ òåöéíá
  -R, --recursive         ÒÅËÕÒÓÉ×ÎÏ ÏÂÒÁÂÁÔÙ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌÙ É ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ
�  -f, --silent, --quiet  ÐÏÄÁ×ÌÑÔØ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ ÏÂ ÏÛÉÂËÁÈ
      --reference=ïæáêì  ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÇÒÕÐÐÕ ïæáêìá ×ÍÅÓÔÏ Ñ×ÎÏÇÏ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÑ çòõððù
  -R, --recursive        ÒÅËÕÒÓÉ×ÎÏ ÏÂÒÁÂÁÔÙ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌÙ É ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ
  -v, --verbose          ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÄÉÁÇÎÏÓÔÉÞÅÓËÉÅ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ
�  -f, --silent, --quiet   ÐÏÄÁ×ÌÑÔØ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ ÏÂ ÏÛÉÂËÁÈ
      --reference=ïæáêì   ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ×ÌÁÄÅÌØÃÁ É ÇÒÕÐÐÕ ïæáêìá ×ÍÅÓÔÏ Ñ×ÎÏÇÏ
                          ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÑ ÷ìáäåìøãá:çòõððù
  -R, --recursive         ÒÅËÕÒÓÉ×ÎÏ ÏÂÒÁÂÁÔÙ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌÙ É ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ
  -v, --verbose           ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÄÉÁÇÎÏÓÔÉÞÅÓËÉÅ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ
�  -g                         ËÁË -l, ÎÏ ÎÅ ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ×ÌÁÄÅÌØÃÁ
  -G, --no-group             ËÁË -l, ÎÏ ÎÅ ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÇÒÕÐÐÕ
  -h, --human-readable       c -l, ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÙ × ÕÄÏÂÎÏÍ ÄÌÑ ÞÅÌÏ×ÅËÁ ×ÉÄÅ
                               (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, 1K 234M 2G)
      --si                   ÔÏ ÖÅ, ÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÔÅÐÅÎÉ 1000, Á ÎÅ 1024
  -H, --dereference-command-line
                             ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ ÓÓÙÌËÁÍ × ËÏÍÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÅ
      --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir
                             ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ×ÓÅÍ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ ÓÓÙÌËÁÍ × ËÏÍÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ
                               ÓÔÒÏËÅ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÀÔ ÎÁ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ
      --hide=ûáâìïî          ÎÅ ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ ûáâìïîõ ÏÂÏÌÏÞËÉ
                               (ÏÔÍÅÎÑÅÔÓÑ ËÌÀÞÁÍÉ -a ÉÌÉ -A)
�  -g, --general-numeric-sort  ÓÒÁ×ÎÉ×ÁÔØ ÞÉÓÌÁ × ÏÂÝÅÍ ×ÉÄÅ
  -i, --ignore-nonprinting    ÒÁÓÓÍÁÔÒÉ×ÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÅÞÁÔÎÙÅ ÚÎÁËÉ
  -M, --month-sort            ÓÒÁ×ÎÉ×ÁÔØ (ÎÅÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÏ) < `JAN' < ... < `DEC'
  -n, --numeric-sort          ÓÒÁ×ÎÉ×ÁÔØ ÞÉÓÌÅÎÎÙÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÓÔÒÏË
  -r, --reverse               ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔØ ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔÙ ÓÒÁ×ÎÅÎÉÑ

�  -h úáçïìï÷ïë, --header=úáçïìï÷ïë
                   ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÌÑ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃ ÃÅÎÔÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÊ úáçïìï÷ïë, Á ÎÅ
                   ÉÍÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ;  -h "" ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔ ÐÕÓÔÕÀ ÓÔÒÏËÕ; ÎÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ -h ""
  -i[úîáë[ûéòéîá]], --output-tabs[=úîáë[ûéòéîá]]
                   ÚÁÍÅÎÉÔØ ÐÒÏÂÅÌÙ ÎÁ úîáëé (ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÀ) ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÊ ûéòéîù (8)
  -J, --join-lines ÏÂßÅÄÉÎÑÔØ ÐÏÌÎÙÅ ÓÔÒÏËÉ, ÏÔËÌÀÞÉÔØ ÕÓÅÞÅÎÉÅ ÓÔÒÏË (-W), ÎÅ
                   ×ÙÒÁ×ÎÉ×ÁÔØ ËÏÌÏÎËÉ, --sep-string[=óôòïëá] ÚÁÄÁÅÔ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÉÔÅÌÉ
�  -h, --header-numbering=óôéìø    ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ óôéìø ÎÕÍÅÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÓÔÒÏË ×ÅÒÈÎÅÇÏ
                                  ËÏÌÏÎÔÉÔÕÌÁ
  -i, --page-increment=þéóìï      ÛÁÇ Õ×ÅÌÉÞÅÎÉÑ ÎÏÍÅÒÏ× ÓÔÒÏË
  -l, --join-blank-lines=þéóìï    ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìï ÐÕÓÔÙÈ ÓÔÒÏË ÓÞÉÔÁÔØ ÏÄÎÏÊ
  -n, --number-format=æïòíáô      ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ æïòíáô ÄÌÑ ÎÏÍÅÒÏ× ÓÔÒÏË
  -p, --no-renumber               ÎÅ ÎÁÞÉÎÁÔØ ÎÕÍÅÒÁÃÉÀ ÚÁÎÏ×Ï ÐÏÓÌÅ ËÁÖÄÏÊ
                                  ÌÏÇÉÞÅÓËÏÊ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ
  -s, --number-separator=óôòïëá   ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÔØ óôòïëõ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÎÏÍÅÒÁ
�  -h, --no-dereference   ÉÚÍÅÎÑÅÔ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÅ ÓÓÙÌËÉ, Á ÎÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÎÁ ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
                         ÏÎÉ ÓÓÙÌÁÀÔÓÑ (ÉÍÅÅÔ ÓÍÙÓÌ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ, ÇÄÅ
                         ÍÏÖÎÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÑÔØ ×ÌÁÄÅÌØÃÁ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÏÊ ÓÓÙÌËÉ)
�  -i, --ignore-case  ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÒÅÇÉÓÔÒ ÂÕË× ÐÒÉ ÓÒÁ×ÎÅÎÉÉ ÐÏÌÅÊ
  -j ðïìå            ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔÎÏ `-1 ðïìå -2 ðïìå'
  -o æïòíáô          ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ Ó æïòíáôïí
  -t úîáë            ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ úîáë ËÁË ÒÁÚÄÅÌÉÔÅÌØ ÐÏÌÅÊ ××ÏÄÁ É ×Ù×ÏÄÁ
�  -i, --initial       ÎÅ ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×Ù×ÁÔØ ÚÎÁËÉ ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÉ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÐÒÏÂÅÌØÎÙÈ ÚÎÁËÏ×
  -t, --tabs=þéóìï    ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔ ÛÉÒÉÎÕ ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÉ, ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ 8
�  -i, --inodes          ×Ù×ÅÓÔÉ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ ÏÂ ÉÎÄÅËÓÎÙÈ ÄÅÓËÒÉÐÔÏÒÁÈ, Á ÎÅ ÏÂ
                        ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ ÂÌÏËÏ×
  -k                    ÁÎÁÌÏÇ --block-size=1K
  -l, --local           ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÉÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ
      --no-sync         ÎÅ ×ÙÚÙ×ÁÔØ sync ÐÅÒÅÄ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÅÍ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ ÏÂ
                        ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ ÂÌÏËÏ× (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ)
�  -l                         ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÛÉÒÏËÉÊ ÆÏÒÍÁÔ
  -L, --dereference          ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ ÄÌÑ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÏÊ ÓÓÙÌËÅ,
                               ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï ÆÁÊÌÅ, ÎÁ ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÓÓÙÌËÁ
                               ÓÓÙÌÁÅÔÓÑ
  -m                         ×ÙÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÎÁ ×ÓÀ ÛÉÒÉÎÕ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÚÁÐÑÔÕÀ
�  -l äìéîá_óôòáîéãù, --length=äìéîá_óôòáîéãù
                    ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ äìéîõ_óôòáîéãù (66)
                    (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÞÉÓÌÏ ÓÔÒÏË ÔÅËÓÔÁ ÒÁ×ÎÏ 56, Á Ó -F -- 63)
  -m, --merge       ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ×ÓÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÐÁÒÁÌÌÅÌØÎÏ, ÐÏ ÏÄÎÏÍÕ × ËÏÌÏÎËÅ,
                    ÕÓÅËÁÔØ ÓÔÒÏËÉ, ÎÏ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÔØ ÐÏÌÎÙÅ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÐÒÉ -J
�  -l, --link                   ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÖÅÓÔËÉÅ ÓÓÙÌËÉ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
  -L, --dereference            ×ÓÅÇÄÁ ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ ÓÓÙÌËÁÍ
�  -l, --login       ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÙ ×ÈÏÄÁ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ
�  -m, --mode=MODE   ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÐÒÁ×Á ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ (ËÁË × chmod). ÷ÓÅ ÂÉÔÙ ËÒÏÍÅ
                     a=rw ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ
�  -m, --mode=MODE   ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ËÏÄ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ (ËÁË × chmod)
  -p, --parents     ÎÅ ×ÙÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÏÛÉÂÏË ÅÓÌÉ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ, ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ
                     ÒÏÄÉÔÅÌØÓËÉÅ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ ÅÓÌÉ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ
  -v, --verbose     ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÅ Ï ËÁÖÄÏÍ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÎÏÍ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ
�  -n, --digits=ãéæòù         ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ ÞÉÓÌÏ ãéæò ×ÍÅÓÔÏ Ä×ÕÈ
  -s, --quiet, --silent      ÎÅ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÙ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×
  -z, --elide-empty-files    ÕÄÁÌÑÔØ ÐÕÓÔÙÅ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ
�  -n, --lines=î            ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÅ î ÓÔÒÏË, Á ÎÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÅ %d
      --max-unchanged-stats=î
                           c ËÌÀÞÏÍ --follow=name, ÐÏ×ÔÏÒÎÏ ÏÔËÒÙ×ÁÔØ æáêì,
                             ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÎÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÑÌÓÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÅ î (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ %d)
                             ÉÔÅÒÁÃÉÊ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÉÔØ, ÎÅ ÂÙÌ ÌÉ ÏÎ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ ÉÌÉ
                             ÐÅÒÅÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎ (ÔÁËÏÅ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÂÙ×ÁÅÔ ÐÒÉ ÒÏÔÁÃÉÉ
                             ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÈ ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌØÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×)
�  -n, --no-dereference         ÒÁÓÓÍÁÔÒÉ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÕÀ ÓÓÙÌËÕ ËÁË ÎÏÒÍÁÌØÎÙÊ
                                ÆÁÊÌ
  -i, --interactive            ÓÐÒÁÛÉ×ÁÔØ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÔÅÍ ËÁË ÐÅÒÅÐÉÓÙ×ÁÔØ
  -s, --symbolic               ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÅ ÓÓÙÌËÉ
�  -n, --numeric-uid-gid      ËÁË -l, ÎÏ ×ÙÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÞÉÓÌÏ×ÙÅ UID É GID
  -N, --literal              ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÉÍÅÎÁ ËÁË ÅÓÔØ (ÎÅ ÏÂÒÁÂÁÔÙ×ÁÔØ ÏÓÏÂÏ, 
                               ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÉÅ ÚÎÁËÉ)
  -o                         ËÁË -l, ÎÏ ÎÅ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï ÇÒÕÐÐÅ
  -p,  --indicator-style=slash  ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÔØ ÉÎÄÉËÁÔÏÒ / Ë ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁÍ
�  -n[òáúä[þéóìï]], --number-lines[=òáúä[þéóìï]]
                    ÎÕÍÅÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÔÒÏËÉ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìï (5) ÃÉÆÒ É
                    òáúäÅÌÉÔÅÌØ (ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÀ); ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÎÕÍÅÒÁÃÉÑ ÎÁÞÉÎÁÅÔÓÑ
                    Ó ÐÅÒ×ÏÊ ×ÈÏÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
  -N îïíåò, --first-line-number=îïíåò
                    ÎÁÞÁÔØ ÎÕÍÅÒÁÃÉÀ Ó îïíåòá Ó ÐÅÒ×ÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÐÅÒ×ÏÊ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÍÏÊ
                    ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ (ÓÍÏÔÒÉ +ðåò÷áñ_óôòáîéãá)
�  -o ðïìå, --indent=ðïìå
                    ÓÄ×ÉÇÁÔØ ËÁÖÄÕÀ ÓÔÒÏËÕ ÎÁ ðïìå (ÎÕÌØ) ÐÒÏÂÅÌÏ× (ÎÅ ×ÌÉÑÅÔ
                    ÎÁ -w ÉÌÉ -W); ðïìå ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ Ë ûéòéîå_óôòáîéãù
  -r, --no-file-warnings
                    ÎÅ ÐÒÅÄÕÐÒÅÖÄÁÔØ Ï ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ ÏÔËÒÙÔÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ
�  -p                           ÔÏ ÖÅ, ÞÔÏ É --preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps
      --preserve[=óðéó_áôôò]   ÓÏÈÒÁÎÑÔØ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÅ ÁÔÒÉÂÕÔÙ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ:
                                 mode,ownership,timestamps), ÅÓÌÉ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ
                                 ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÁÔÒÉÂÕÔÙ: links, all
�  -p, --parents   õÄÁÌÉÔØ ëáôáìïç É ÅÇÏ ÐÏÔÏÍËÏ×.  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, `rmdir -p a/b/c'
                  ÄÅÌÁÅÔ ÔÏ ÖÅ, ÞÔÏ É `rmdir a/b/c a/b a'.
  -v, --verbose   ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÅ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔÁÎÎÏÇÏ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ
�  -p, --preserve-timestamps ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ ÃÅÌÅ×ÙÍ ÆÁÊÌÁÍ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÁ
                        ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ/ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ËÁË Õ ÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×-éóôïþîéëï÷
  -s, --strip         ÕÄÁÌÑÔØ ÔÁÂÌÉÃÙ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×
  -S, --suffix=óõææéëó ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÌÑ ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÙÈ ËÏÐÉÊ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÙÊ óõææéëó
  -t, --target-directory=ëáôáìïç ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ×ÓÅ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÙ-éóôïþîéëé × ëáôáìïç
  -T, --no-target-directory ÓÞÉÔÁÔØ îáúîáþåîéå ÏÂÙÞÎÙÍ ÆÁÊÌÏÍ
  -v, --verbose       ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÅ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÅÍÏÇÏ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ
�  -q, --count       ×ÓÅ ÉÍÅÎÁ É ÞÉÓÌÏ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ
  -r, --runlevel    ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÔÅËÕÝÉÊ ÕÒÏ×ÅÎØ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ
  -s, --short       ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÉÍÑ, ÌÉÎÉÀ É ×ÒÅÍÑ (ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ)
  -t, --time        ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÇÏ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ
�  -q, --hide-control-chars   ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ? ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÎÅ ÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×
      --show-control-chars   ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÎÅÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÍÙÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ
                              ÅÓÌÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÎÅ `ls' É ×Ù×ÏÄ ÉÄÅÔ ÎÅ ÎÁ
                              ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ).
  -Q, --quote-name           ÚÁËÌÀÞÁÔØ ÉÍÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ × ËÁ×ÙÞËÉ
      --quoting-style=WORD   ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÔÉÐ ÚÁËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ × ËÁ×ÙÞËÉ WORD:
                               literal, shell, shell-always, c, escape
�  -q, --quiet, --silent   ÎÅ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÚÁÇÏÌÏ×ËÉ Ó ÉÍÅÎÁÍÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ×
  -v, --verbose           ×ÓÅÇÄÁ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÚÁÇÏÌÏ×ËÉ Ó ÉÍÅÎÁÍÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ×
�  -r,  --reference=æáêì     ÐÏËÁÚÁÔØ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÇÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ æáêìá
  -R,  --rfc-2822           ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ×ÒÅÍÑ × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ Ó RFC-2822
       --rfc-3339[=óðåã]    ×Ù×ÅÓÔÉ ÄÁÔÕ/×ÒÅÍÑ × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ RFC 3339
                            óðåã=`date', `seconds' ÉÌÉ `ns' ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ
                            ÄÁÔÙ É ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ Ó ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÊ ÔÏÞÎÏÓÔØÀ.
  -s,  --set=óôòïëá         ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ×ÒÅÍÑ, ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÏÅ óôòïëïê
  -u, --utc, --universal    ÐÏËÁÚÁÔØ ÉÌÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÕÎÉ×ÅÒÓÁÌØÎÏÅ
                            ËÏÏÒÄÉÎÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ
�  -r, --reference=æáêì   ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ×ÒÅÍÑ æáêìá ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÔÅËÕÝÅÇÏ
  -t ÷òåíñ               ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ [[÷÷]çç]ííääÞÞÍÍ[.ÓÓ] ×ÍÅÓÔÏ
                           ÔÅËÕÝÅÇÏ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ
  --time=óìï÷ï           ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ:
                          óìï÷ï access, atime, use ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔÎÏ -a
                          óìï÷ï modify, mtime ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔÎÏ -m
�  -r, --references               ÐÅÒ×ÏÅ ÐÏÌÅ × ËÁÖÄÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÅ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÓÓÙÌËÏÊ
  -t, --typeset-mode               - ÎÅ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÏ -
  -w, --width=þéóìï              ÛÉÒÉÎÁ ×Ù×ÏÄÁ × ÓÔÏÌÂÃÁÈ, ÎÅ ÓÞÉÔÁÑ ÓÓÙÌËÉ
�  -r, --reverse              ÏÂÒÁÔÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÑÄÏË ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ËÉ
  -R, --recursive            ÒÅËÕÒÓÉ×ÎÏ ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ
  -s, --size                 c -l, ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ, × ÂÌÏËÁÈ
�  -s, --only-delimited           ÎÅ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÓÔÒÏËÉ, ÎÅ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÉÅ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÉÔÅÌÅÊ
      --output-delimiter=óôòïëá  ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ óôòïëõ ÄÌÑ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÐÏÌÅÊ ÐÒÉ
                                 ×Ù×ÏÄÅ, ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÉÔÅÌØ
                                 ÄÌÑ ××ÏÄÁ
�  -s, --signal=óéçîáì, -óéçîáì
              ÚÁÄÁÅÔ ÉÍÑ ÉÌÉ ÎÏÍÅÒ ÐÏÓÙÌÁÅÍÏÇÏ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÁ
  -l, --list  ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÑÅÔ ÉÍÅÎÁ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÏ× ÉÌÉ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÉÔ ÉÍÅÎÁ × ÎÏÍÅÒÁ É ÎÁÏÂÏÒÏÔ
  -t, --table ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÔÁÂÌÉÃÕ Ó ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ Ï ÓÉÇÎÁÌÁÈ
�  -s, --symbolic-link          ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÅ ÓÓÙÌËÉ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
  -S, --suffix=óõææéëó         ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÁÓÎÙÈ ËÏÐÉÊ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÙÊ óõææéëó
      --target-directory=ëáôáìïç  ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ×ÓÅ éóôïþîéëé × ëáôáìïç
  -T, --no-target-directory    ÓÞÉÔÁÔØ îáúîáþåîéå ÏÂÙÞÎÙÍ ÆÁÊÌÏÍ
�  -s[úîáë],--separator[=úîáë]
                    ÒÁÚÄÅÌÑÔØ ËÏÌÏÎËÉ ÏÄÎÉÍ ÚÎÁËÏÍ, ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ úîáë ÒÁ×ÅÎ
                    ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÉ, ÅÓÌÉ ÎÅÔ ËÌÀÞÁ -w, É ÐÕÓÔ, ÅÓÌÉ ÅÓÔØ ËÌÀÞ -w
                    -s[úîáë] ×ÙËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÕÓÅÞÅÎÉÅ ÓÔÒÏË ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÔÒÅÈ ËÌÀÞÅÊ ÄÌÑ
                    ËÏÌÏÎÏË (-þéóìï |-a -þéóìï|-m), ÅÓÌÉ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÅÔ ËÌÀÞÁ -w
�  -t                       ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -vT
  -T, --show-tabs          ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÚÎÁËÉ ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÉ ËÁË ^I
  -u                       (ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ)
  -v, --show-nonprinting   ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÚÁÐÉÓØ Ó ^ É M-, ÚÁ ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅÍ ÚÎÁËÏ×
                           ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÁ ÓÔÒÏËÉ É ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÉ
�  -t, --field-separator=òáúäåìéôåìø
                   ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÉÓËÅ ËÌÀÞÅ×ÙÈ ÐÏÌÅÊ òáúäåìéôåìø, Á ÎÅ
                   ÐÅÒÅÈÏÄ ÏÔ ÎÅÐÒÏÂÅÌØÎÙÈ ÚÎÁËÏ× Ë ÐÒÏÂÅÌØÎÙÍ
  -T, --temporary-directory=ëáôáìïç
                   ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÌÑ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ëáôáìïç, Á ÎÅ $TMPDIR
                   ÉÌÉ %s; ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÔÁËÉÈ ËÌÀÞÅÊ ÚÁÄÁÀÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏ×
  -u, --unique     Ó -c, ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÑÔØ ÐÏÒÑÄÏË ÓÔÒÏÇÏ;
                     ÂÅÚ -c, ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÅÒ×ÏÅ ÓÒÅÄÉ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÈ ÒÁ×ÎÙÈ
�  -t, --tabs=óðéóïë   ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÊ ÚÁÐÑÔÙÍÉ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÐÏÚÉÃÉÊ ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÉ
�  -t, --tagged-paragraph   ÏÔÓÔÕÐ ÐÅÒ×ÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÏÔÌÉÞÅÎ ÏÔ ÏÔÓÔÕÐÁ ×ÔÏÒÏÊ
  -u, --uniform-spacing    ÏÄÉÎ ÐÒÏÂÅÌ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÓÌÏ×Á, Ä×Á ÐÏÓÌÅ ÐÒÅÄÌÏÖÅÎÉÑ
  -w, --width=þéóìï        ÍÁËÓÉÍÁÌØÎÁÑ ÛÉÒÉÎÁ ÓÔÒÏËÉ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ 75 ÓÔÏÌÂÃÏ×)
�  -t, --target-directory=ëáôáìïç ÐÅÒÅÍÅÓÔÉÔØ ×ÓÅ éóôïþîéëé × ëáôáìïç
  -T, --no-target-directory    ÓÞÉÔÁÔØ îáúîáþåîéå ÏÂÙÞÎÙÍ ÆÁÊÌÏÍ
  -u, --update                 ÐÅÒÅÍÅÝÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÔÏÇÄÁ ËÏÇÄÁ éóôïþîéë
                                 ÎÏ×ÅÅ ÞÅÍ ÆÁÊÌ ÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ, ÉÌÉ ËÏÇÄÁ ÆÁÊÌ
                                 ÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ
  -v, --verbose                ÐÏÑÓÎÑÔØ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÍÙÅ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ
�  -t, --text              ÞÉÔÁÔØ × ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÏÍ ÒÅÖÉÍÅ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, ÅÓÌÉ ÞÉÔÁÅÔÓÑ
                          ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌØÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ)
�  -t, --text              ÞÉÔÁÔØ × ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÏÍ ÒÅÖÉÍÅ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ)
�  -u                         Ó -lt: ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ É ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ
                              c -l: ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ É ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ÉÍÅÎÉ
                              ÉÎÁÞÅ: ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ
  -U                         ÎÅ ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ; ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ Ó
                              ÆÉÚÉÞÅÓËÉÍ ÒÁÓÐÏÌÏÖÅÎÉÅÍ
  -v                         ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
�  -u, --remove   ÏÂÒÅÚÁÔØ É ÕÄÁÌÑÔØ ÆÁÊÌ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÐÅÒÅÚÁÐÉÓÉ
  -v, --verbose  ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÇÒÅÓÓ
  -x, --exact    ÎÅ ÏËÒÕÇÌÑÔØ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÙ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÄÏ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÇÏ ÃÅÌÏÇÏ ÂÌÏËÁ;
                   ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÄÌÑ ÎÅÏÂÙÞÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×
  -z, --zero     ÐÅÒÅÚÁÐÉÓÁÔØ × ËÏÎÃÅ ÎÕÌÑÍÉ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÓËÒÙÔØ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÛÉ×ÁÎÉÅ
�  -u, --update                 ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÔÏÇÄÁ ËÏÇÄÁ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ
                                 ÎÏ×ÅÅ ÞÅÍ ÆÁÊÌ ÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ, ÉÌÉ ËÏÇÄÁ ÆÁÊÌ
                                 ÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ
  -v, --verbose                ÐÏÑÓÎÑÔØ ÞÔÏ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÓÄÅÌÁÎÏ
  -x, --one-file-system        ÏÓÔÁ×ÁÔØÓÑ × ÐÒÅÄÅÌÁÈ ÏÄÎÏÊ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ
�  -v îïíåò           ËÁË -Á îïíåò, ÎÏ ÎÅ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÉÍÅÀÝÉÅ ÐÁÒÙ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
  -1 ðïìå            ÓÞÉÔÁÔØ ÏÂÝÉÍ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ ðïìå ÆÁÊÌÁ 1
  -2 ðïìå            ÓÞÉÔÁÔØ ÏÂÝÉÍ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ ðïìå ÆÁÊÌÁ 2
�  -v, --first-page=þéóìï          ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ ÎÏÍÅÒ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÊ ÌÏÇÉÞÅÓËÏÊ
                                  ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ
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                                  ÎÏÍÅÒÏ× ÓÔÒÏË
�  -v, --kernel-version     ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ×ÅÒÓÉÀ ÑÄÒÁ
  -m, --machine            ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÔÉÐ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÍÁÛÉÎÙ
  -p, --processor          ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÔÉÐ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÁ ÉÌÉ "ÎÅÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÏ"
  -i, --hardware-platform  ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÔÉÐ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÏÊ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÙ ÉÌÉ "ÎÅÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÏ"
  -o, --operating-system   ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÉÍÑ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ
�  -w, --check-chars=î   ÓÒÁ×ÎÉ×ÁÔØ ÐÅÒ×ÙÅ î ÚÎÁËÏ× ÓÔÒÏË
�  -w, --width=þéóìï          ÚÁÄÁÅÔ ÛÉÒÉÎÕ ÜËÒÁÎÁ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÔÅËÕÝÅÇÏ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ
  -x                         ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÑÅÔ ×ÈÏÖÄÅÎÉÑ ÐÏ ÓÔÒÏËÁÍ, Á ÎÅ ÐÏ ÓÔÏÌÂÃÁÍ
  -X                         ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÀ × ÁÌÆÁ×ÉÔÎÏÍ ÐÏÒÑÄËÅ
  -1                         ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÑÔØ ÐÏ ÏÄÎÏÍÕ ÆÁÊÌÕ ÎÁ ÓÔÒÏËÅ
�  -x, --one-file-system  ÐÒÏÐÕÓËÁÔØ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ ÎÁ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ
  -X æáêì, --exclude-from=æáêì  ÉÓËÌÀÞÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÓÏ×ÐÁÄÁÀÝÉÅ Ó ËÁËÉÍ-ÌÉÂÏ
                          ÏÂÒÁÚÃÏÍ ÉÚ æáêìá
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      --max-depth=N     ÐÏÄ×ÏÄÉÔØ ÉÔÏÇ ÄÌÑ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ (ÉÌÉ ÆÁÊÌÁ, Ó --all),
                          ÔÏÌØËÏ ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎ ÎÁ N ÉÌÉ ÍÅÎØÛÅ ÕÒÏ×ÎÅÊ ÎÉÖÅ,
                          ÞÅÍ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ; --max-depth=0
                          ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔÎÏ --summarize
�  -z, --zero-terminated     ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÁÔØ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÎÕÌÅ×ÙÍ ÂÁÊÔÏÍ, Á ÎÅ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÏÊ
�  [:graph:]       ×ÓÅ ÐÅÞÁÔÎÙÅ ÚÎÁËÉ, ÉÓËÌÀÞÁÑ ÐÒÏÂÅÌ
  [:lower:]       ×ÓÅ ÓÔÒÏÞÎÙÅ ÂÕË×Ù
  [:print:]       ×ÓÅ ÐÅÞÁÔÎÙÅ ÚÎÁËÉ, ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ ÐÒÏÂÅÌ
  [:punct:]       ×ÓÅ ÚÎÁËÉ ÐÒÅÐÉÎÁÎÉÑ
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  [:xdigit:]      ×ÓÅ ÛÅÓÔÎÁÄÃÁÔÅÒÉÞÎÙÅ ÃÉÆÒÙ
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�  \n     ÎÏ×ÁÑ ÓÔÒÏËÁ
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�  \v              ×ÅÒÔÉËÁÌØÎÁÑ ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÑ
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  [úîáë*þéóìï]    ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìï ÏÄÉÎÁËÏ×ÙÈ úîáëï÷; þéóìï ×ÏÓØÍÅÒÉÞÎÏÅ, ÅÓÌÉ
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  [:cntrl:]       ×ÓÅ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÉÅ ÚÎÁËÉ
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  \uîîîî  ÚÎÁË Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) Ó ÛÅÓÔÎÁÄÃÁÔÅÒÉÞÎÙÍ ËÏÄÏÍ îîîî (4 ÃÉÆÒÙ)
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  ebcdic    ÉÚ ASCII × EBCDIC
  ibm       ÉÚ ASCII × ÁÌØÔÅÒÎÁÔÉ×ÎÕÀ EBCDIC
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  u[þéóìï]   ÂÅÚÚÎÁËÏ×ÏÅ ÄÅÓÑÔÉÞÎÏÅ ÃÅÌÏÅ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÏÍ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìï ÂÁÊÔ
  x[þéóìï]   ÛÅÓÔÎÁÄÃÁÔÅÒÉÞÎÏÅ ÃÅÌÏÅ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÏÍ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìï ÂÁÊÔ
�  direct    ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÑÍÏÊ ××ÏÄ/×Ù×ÏÄ ÄÌÑ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ
�  dsync     ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÎÈÒÏÎÉÚÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ/×Ù×ÏÄ ÄÌÑ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ
�  if=æáêì         ÞÉÔÁÔØ æáêì, Á ÎÅ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ
  iflag=óðéóïë    ÞÉÔÁÔØ × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ ÓÏ óðéóëïí ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×,
                  ÜÌÅÍÅÎÔÙ ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÑÀÔÓÑ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÚÁÐÑÔÕÀ
  obs=þéóìï       ÚÁÐÉÓÙ×ÁÔØ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìï ÂÁÊÔ ÚÁ ÒÁÚ
  of=æáêì         ÚÁÐÉÓÙ×ÁÔØ × æáêì, Á ÎÅ ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ
  oflag=óðéóïë    ÚÁÐÉÓÙ×ÁÔØ × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ ÓÏ ÓÐÉÓËÏÍ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×,
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  seek=þéóìï      ÐÒÏÐÕÓÔÉÔØ ÄÏ ÎÁÞÁÌÁ ×Ù×ÏÄÁ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìï ÂÌÏËÏ× ÒÁÚÍÅÒÁ obs
  skip=þéóìï      ÐÒÏÐÕÓÔÉÔØ Ó ÎÁÞÁÌÁ ××ÏÄÁ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìï ÂÌÏËÏ× ÒÁÚÍÅÒÁ ibs
  status=noxfer   ÎÅ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÓÔÁÔÉÓÔÉËÕ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ
�  nocreat   ÎÅ ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÏÊ ÆÁÊÌ
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  notrunc   ÎÅ ÏÂÒÅÚÁÔØ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÏÊ ÆÁÊÌ
  ucase     ÉÚÍÅÎÑÔØ ÒÅÇÉÓÔÒ Ó ÎÉÖÎÅÇÏ ÎÁ ×ÅÒÈÎÉÊ
  swab      ÍÅÎÑÔØ ÍÅÓÔÁÍÉ ËÁÖÄÕÀ ÐÁÒÕ ×ÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÂÁÊÔÏ×
  noerror   ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÁÔØ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÏÛÉÂÏË ÞÔÅÎÉÑ
  sync      ÄÏÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ËÁÖÄÙÊ ×ÈÏÄÎÏÊ ÂÌÏË ÎÕÌÑÍÉ ÄÏ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÁ ibs; ÅÓÌÉ
              ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ×ÍÅÓÔÅ Ó block ÉÌÉ unblock, ÄÏÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÐÒÏÂÅÌÁÍÉ
  fdatasync ÆÉÚÉÞÅÓËÉ ÚÁÐÉÓÁÔØ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÏÊ ÆÁÊÌ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÅÎÉÅÍ
  fsync     ÁÎÁÌÏÇÉÞÎÏ, ÎÏ ÚÁÐÉÓÁÔØ ÔÁËÖÅ ÍÅÔÁÄÁÎÎÙÅ
�  noctty    ÎÅ ÎÁÚÎÁÞÁÔØ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÉÊ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ ÉÚ ÆÁÊÌÁ
�  nofollow  ÎÅ ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ ÓÓÙÌËÁÍ
�  nonblock  ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÎÅÂÌÏËÉÒÕÀÝÉÊ ××ÏÄ/×Ù×ÏÄ
�  none, off       ÎÉËÏÇÄÁ ÎÅ ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÙÈ ËÏÐÉÊ (ÄÁÖÅ ÅÓÌÉ
                   ÕËÁÚÁÎ ËÌÀÞ --backup)
  numbered, t     ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÎÕÍÅÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ËÏÐÉÉ
  existing, nil   ÅÓÌÉ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÔ ÎÕÍÅÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ËÏÐÉÉ, ÔÏ ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ
                   ÎÕÍÅÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ÉÎÁÞÅ ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÓÔÙÅ
  simple. never   ×ÓÅÇÄÁ ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÓÔÙÅ ËÏÐÉÉ
�  sync      ÔÏ ÖÅ, ÎÏ ÔÁË ÖÅ É ÄÌÑ ÍÅÔÁÄÁÎÎÙÈ
�  text      ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÙÊ ××ÏÄ/×Ù×ÏÄ ÄÌÑ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ
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  [-]echo       ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÁÔØ ××ÏÄÉÍÙÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ
* [-]echoctl    ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ [-]ctlecho
  [-]echoe      ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ [-]crterase
  [-]echok      ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÁÔØ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÁ ÕÎÉÞÔÏÖÅÎÉÑ
�* [-]echoke     ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ [-]crtkill
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                ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÁÀÔÓÑ
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  [-]icanon     ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ erase, kill, werase, É rprnt
  [-]iexten     ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ, ÎÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÅ × ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÅ POSIX
�* [-]iuclc      ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×Ù×ÁÔØ ÚÁÇÌÁ×ÎÙÅ ÂÕË×Ù × ÓÔÒÏÞÎÙÅ
* [-]ixany      ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔØ ÌÀÂÏÍÕ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÕ ×ÏÚÏÂÎÏ×ÉÔØ ××ÏÄ
  [-]ixoff      ÒÁÚÒÅÛÉÔØ ÐÏÓÙÌËÕ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ× ÐÒÉÏÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ/×ÏÚÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ
  [-]ixon       ÒÁÚÒÅÛÉÔØ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÐÏÔÏËÏÍ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ
  [-]parmrk     ÏÔÍÅÞÁÔØ ÏÛÉÂËÉ ÞÅÔÎÏÓÔÉ (ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔØÀ ÉÚ 255 ÎÕÌÅÊ)
  [-]tandem     ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ [-]xioff
� * [-]iutf8      ÐÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÔØ, ÞÔÏ ×ÈÏÄÎÙÅ ÚÎÁËÉ × ËÏÄÉÒÏ×ËÅ UTF-8
�* [-]ocrnl      ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×Ù×ÁÔØ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÔ ËÁÒÅÔËÉ × ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
* [-]ofdel      ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ ÓÔÉÒÁÎÉÑ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÎÕÌÅÊ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ
* [-]ofill      ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ ÚÁÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÄÅÒÖÅË
* [-]olcuc      ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×Ù×ÁÔØ ÓÔÒÏÞÎÙÅ ÂÕË×Ù × ÚÁÇÌÁ×ÎÙÅ
* [-]onlcr      ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×Ù×ÁÔØ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄ ÓÔÒÏËÉ × ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÔ ËÁÒÅÔËÉ É ÎÏ×ÕÀ ÓÔÒÏËÕ
* [-]onlret     ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÔ ËÁÒÅÔËÉ
�* [-]onocr      ÎÅ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÔ ËÁÒÅÔËÉ × ÐÅÒ×ÏÍ ÓÔÏÌÂÃÅ
  [-]opost      ÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ×Ù×ÏÄ
* tabî          ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÁÕÚÙ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÇÏÒÉÚÏÎÔÁÌØÎÏÊ ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÉ,
                ÄÏÐÕÓÔÉÍÙÅ î [0..3]
* tabs          ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ tab0
* -tabs         ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ tab3
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�* eol2 óéí÷ïì     ÄÒÕÇÏÊ óéí÷ïì ÄÌÑ ËÏÎÃÁ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
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  intr óéí÷ïì     óéí÷ïì ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÏÓÙÌÁÔØ ÓÉÇÎÁÌ ÐÒÅÒÙ×ÁÎÉÑ
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�* lnext óéí÷ïì    óéí÷ïì ÂÕÄÅÔ ××ÏÄÉÔØ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÊ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌ, ÏÔÍÅÎÑÑ ÅÇÏ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÏÅ
                  ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÅ
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�* rows î        ÓÏÏÂÝÉÔØ ÑÄÒÕ, ÞÔÏ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ ÉÍÅÅÔ î ÓÔÒÏË
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  -s, --shell=ïâïìïþëá         ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ ïâïìïþëõ, ÅÓÌÉ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ /etc/shells
�éÚÍÅÎÑÅÔ ÐÒÉÎÁÄÌÅÖÎÏÓÔØ ÇÒÕÐÐÅ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ æáêìá ÎÁ çòõððõ.
ó ËÌÀÞÏÍ --reference, ÉÚÍÅÎÑÅÔ ÇÒÕÐÐÕ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ æáêìá ÎÁ ÇÒÕÐÐÕ ïæáêìá.

-c, --changes          ÔÏ ÖÅ ÞÔÏ É verbose, ÎÏ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÅÓÌÉ ÐÒÏÉÚÏÛÌÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ
      --dereference      ÉÚÍÅÎÑÔØ ÎÅ ÓÓÙÌËÕ, Á ÎÁ ÞÔÏ ÏÎÁ ÓÓÙÌÁÅÔÓÑ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ)
�éÚÍÅÎÑÅÔ ÒÅÖÉÍ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ æáêìá ÎÁ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÊ òåöéí.

-c, --changes           ËÁË verbose, ÎÏ ÓÏÏÂÝÁÔØ, ÔÏÌØËÏ ÅÓÌÉ ÓÄÅÌÁÎÏ
                          ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÔÅÌØÎÏÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ
�éÚÍÅÎÑÅÔ ×ÌÁÄÅÌØÃÁ É/ÉÌÉ ÇÒÕÐÐÕ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ æáêìá ÎÁ ÷ìáäåìøãá É/ÉÌÉ çòõððõ.
ó ËÌÀÞÏÍ --reference, ÉÚÍÅÎÑÅÔ ×ÌÁÄÅÌØÃÁ É ÇÒÕÐÐÕ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ æáêìá ÎÁ ×ÌÁÄÅÌØÃÁ É
ÇÒÕÐÐÕ ïæáêìá.

-c, --change            ÔÏÖÅ ÞÔÏ É --verbose, ÎÏ ÓÏÏÂÝÁÅÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ ËÏÇÄÁ
                          ÂÙÌÉ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÅÄÅÎÙ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ
      --dereference       ÉÚÍÅÎÑÔØ ÆÁÊÌ, ÎÁ ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÁÑ
                          ÓÓÙÌËÁ, Á ÎÅ ÓÁÍÕ ÓÓÙÌËÕ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ)
�óÒÁ×ÎÉ×ÁÅÔ ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ æáêì1 É æáêì2 ÐÏÓÔÒÏÞÎÏ.
�× ÒÅÖÉÍÅ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÎÅ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ.�óÃÅÐÌÑÅÔ æáêì(Ù) ÉÌÉ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.

-A, --show-all           ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -vET
  -b, --number-nonblank    ÎÕÍÅÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÎÅÐÕÓÔÙÅ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÐÒÉ ×Ù×ÏÄÅ
  -e                       ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ -vE
  -E, --show-ends          ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ $ × ËÏÎÃÅ ËÁÖÄÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
  -n, --number             ÎÕÍÅÒÏ×ÁÔØ ×ÓÅ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÐÒÉ ×Ù×ÏÄÅ
  -s, --squeeze-blank      ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÎÅ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÏÄÎÏÊ ÐÕÓÔÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
�ðÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÕÅÔ ÐÒÏÂÅÌÙ × æáêìáè × ÚÎÁËÉ ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÉ É ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÎÁ
ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.  åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ ÉÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ
ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ.

�ðÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÕÅÔ ÚÎÁËÉ ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÉ × ËÁÖÄÏÍ æáêìå × ÐÒÏÂÅÌÙ É ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ
×Ù×ÏÄ.  åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ ÉÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ.

�ëÏÐÉÒÕÅÔ éóôïþîéë × îáúîáþåîéå, ÉÌÉ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ éóôïþîéëï÷ × ëáôáìïç.

�ëÏÐÉÒÕÅÔ ÆÁÊÌ, ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÕÅÔ É ÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÕÅÔ × ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÏÔ ÏÐÅÒÁÎÄÏ×.

bs=þéóìï        ÐÒÉÎÕÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ibs=þéóìï É obs=þéóìï
  cbs=þéóìï       ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×Ù×ÁÔØ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìõ ÂÁÊÔ ÚÁ ÒÁÚ
  conv=óðéóïë     ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×Ù×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌ × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ ÓÏ óðéóëïí ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×,
                  ÜÌÅÍÅÎÔÙ ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÑÀÔÓÑ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÚÁÐÑÔÕÀ
  count=þéóìï     ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìï ×ÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÂÌÏËÏ×
  ibs=þéóìï       ÓÞÉÔÙ×ÁÔØ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìï ÂÁÊÔ ÚÁ ÒÁÚ
�ëÏÐÉÒÕÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ × ËÁÖÄÙÊ æáêì, Á ÔÁËÖÅ × ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.

-a, --append              ÄÏÐÉÓÁÔØ × ÚÁÄÁÎÎÙÅ æáêìù
  -i, --ignore-interrupts   ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÙ ÐÒÅÒÙ×ÁÎÉÑ
�óÏÚÄÁÅÔ ÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ËÁÎÁÌÙ (FIFO) ÄÌÑ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÇÏ NAME.

�óÏÚÄÁÅÔ DIRECTORY, ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎÁ ÅÝÅ ÎÅ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ.

�óÏÚÄÁÅÔ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ Ó ÉÍÅÎÅÍ NAME É ÔÉÐÏÍ TYPE.

�äÉÁÇÎÏÓÔÉÒÕÅÔ ÎÅÐÅÒÅÎÏÓÉÍÙÅ ËÏÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ × éíåîé.

-p                  ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÁ ÄÌÑ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Á POSIX-ÓÉÓÔÅÍ
  -P                  ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÁ ÎÁ ÐÕÓÔÙÅ ÉÍÅÎÁ É ÎÁÞÁÌØÎÙÊ "-"
      --portability   ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÁ ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ POSIX-ÓÉÓÔÅÍ (ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔÎÏ -p -P)
�ëÁÔÁÌÏÇ: �õÄÁÌÑÅÔ ×ÓÅ ËÒÏÍÅ ÏÄÎÏÊ ÐÏ×ÔÏÒÑÀÝÉÅÓÑ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÷èïäá (ÉÌÉ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÏÇÏ ××ÏÄÁ) É
ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÎÁ ÷ùèïä (ÉÌÉ ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ).

�ïÔÏÂÒÁÖÁÅÔ ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÅ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÉÌÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ.

-L, --dereference     ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ÓÓÙÌËÁÍ
  -f, --file-system     ÐÏËÁÚÁÔØ ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÅ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, Á ÎÅ ÆÁÊÌÁ
�÷Ù×ÏÄÉÔ ÔÅËÕÝÅÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ × ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÍ æïòíáôå, ÉÌÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ.

-d,  --date=óôòïëá        ÐÏËÁÚÁÔØ ÎÅ ÔÅËÕÝÅÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ, Á ×ÒÅÍÑ, ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÏÅ
                            ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÊ óôòïëïê
  -f,  --file=æáêì          ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÐÒÉÍÅÎÅÎÉÀ --date ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÊ
                            ÓÔÒÏËÉ æáêìá
�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÏÊ ÓÓÙÌËÉ ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.

�óÂÒÁÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ×ÓÅ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÇÒÕÐÐÙ, ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔ ÉÄÅÎÔÉÆÉËÁÔÏÒÙ
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ É ÇÒÕÐÐÙ ËÁË Õ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÇÏ ðïìøúï÷áôåìñ É ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÅÔ ëïíáîäõ
Ó ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÍÉ áòçõíåîôáíé.  úÁ×ÅÒÛÁÅÔÓÑ ÓÏ ÓÔÁÔÕÓÏÍ 111, ÅÓÌÉ ÏËÁÚÁÌÏÓØ
ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÎÕÖÎÙÅ ÉÄÅÎÔÉÆÉËÁÔÏÒÙ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ É ÇÒÕÐÐÙ.  ÷
ÐÒÏÔÉ×ÎÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÅÔÓÑ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÁÔÕÓ ëïíáîäù.  üÔÁ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ
ÉÍÅÅÔ ÓÍÙÓÌ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÌÑ root (UID=0).

�÷ùèïä�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ óôòïëõ(óôòïëé) ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.

-n             ÎÅ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÁÀÝÉÊ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
�éÚÂÙÔÏÞÎÙÅ ÚÎÁËÉ
ôáâìéãù2 ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ.  ôÏÌØËÏ [:lower:] É [:upper:] ÇÁÒÁÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÏ ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÙ ×
ÐÏÒÑÄËÅ ×ÏÚÒÁÓÔÁÎÉÑ, ÉÈ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÁÒÎÏ, ÄÌÑ ÏÂÏÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÓÍÅÎÙ
ÒÅÇÉÓÔÒÁ.  �÷ÙÈÏÄÉÔ Ó ÎÅÕÓÐÅÛÎÙÍ ÓÔÁÔÕÓÏÍ.�÷ÙÈÏÄÉÔ Ó ÕÓÐÅÛÎÙÍ ÓÔÁÔÕÓÏÍ.�÷ÙÈÏÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÁÔÕÓ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÷ùòáöåîéåí.
�æ. ðÉÎÁÒÄ�îåõóðåûîï�õ ÆÁÊÌÏ×-ÏÞÅÒÅÄÅÊ ÎÅÔ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÇÏ É ×ÔÏÒÏÓÔÅÐÅÎÎÏÇÏ ÞÉÓÌÁ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á.�ïÐÅÒÁÎÄÙ-ÆÁÊÌÙ ÎÅÌØÚÑ ÓÏÞÅÔÁÔØ Ó --files0-from.�ïÐÅÒÁÎÄÙ-ÆÁÊÌÙ ÎÅÌØÚÑ ÓÏÞÅÔÁÔØ Ó --print-database (-p).�æÁÊÌÏ×ÁÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ  �æ. ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ    ôÉÐ �äÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÊ ÐÁÒÙ ×ÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÓÔÒÏË Ó ÏÄÉÎÁËÏ×ÙÍÉ ÏÂÝÉÍÉ ÐÏÌÑÍÉ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔ ÓÔÒÏËÕ ÎÁ
ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.  ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÏÂÝÅÅ ÐÏÌÅ ÓÞÉÔÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÅÒ×ÙÍ, ÐÏÌÑ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÑÀÔÓÑ
ÐÒÏÂÅÌØÎÙÍÉ ÚÎÁËÁÍÉ.  åÓÌÉ ÏÄÉÎ ÉÚ æáêìï÷ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ
××ÏÄ.

-a îïíåò           ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÎÅ ÉÍÅÀÝÉÅ ÐÁÒÙ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÉÚ ÆÁÊÌÁ Ó ÚÁÄÁÎÎÙÍ
                       ÎÏÍÅÒÏÍ (1 ÉÌÉ 2)
  -e óôòïëá          ÚÁÍÅÝÁÔØ ÐÒÉ ×Ù×ÏÄÅ ÐÕÓÔÙÅ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÊ óôòïëïê
�úÁÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÎÙÅ ÂÌÏËÉ ÎÁ ÄÉÓË, ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÑÅÔ ÓÕÐÅÒÂÌÏË

�îåáëôé÷åî�îÅÁËÔÉ×ÅÎ�÷ ÒÅÁÌØÎÏÊ ÖÉÚÎÉ: �÷ ÐÅÒ×ÏÊ ÆÏÒÍÅ ÓÏÚÄÁÅÔ ÓÓÙÌËÕ ÎÁ ãåìø Ó ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÍ éíåîåí_óóùìëé.
÷Ï ×ÔÏÒÏÊ ÆÏÒÍÅ ÓÏÚÄÁÅÔ ÓÓÙÌËÕ ÎÁ ãåìø × ÔÅËÕÝÅÍ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ.
÷ ÔÒÅÔØÅÊ É ÞÅÔ×ÅÒÔÏÊ ÆÏÒÍÁÈ ÓÏÚÄÁÅÔ ÓÓÙÌËÉ ÎÁ ËÁÖÄÕÀ ãåìø × ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÍ ëáôáìïçå.
ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÓÏÚÄÁÅÔ ÖÅÓÔËÉÅ ÓÓÙÌËÉ, Á Ó ËÌÀÞÏÍ --symbolic -- ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÅ.
ðÒÉ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÉ ÖÅÓÔËÉÈ ÓÓÙÌÏË ËÁÖÄÁÑ ãåìø ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï×ÁÔØ.

�÷ ÐÅÒ×ÙÈ ÔÒÅÈ ÆÏÒÍÁÈ ËÏÐÉÒÕÅÔ éóôïþîéë × îáúîáþåîéå ÉÌÉ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ
éóôïþîéëï÷ × ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ ëáôáìïç, ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÑ ÒÅÖÉÍÙ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ É
×ÌÁÄÅÌØÃÁ/ÇÒÕÐÐÕ.  ÷ ÞÅÔ×ÅÒÔÏÊ ÆÏÒÍÅ ÓÏÚÄÁÅÔ ×ÓÅ ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÙ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÈ
ëáôáìïçï÷.

�âÅÓËÏÎÅÞÎÏÓÔØ�ðÒÅÒ×ÁÎÏ ÐÏ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÕ�îÅ×ÅÒÎÙÊ ÄÉÁÐÁÚÏÎ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃ %s�ìéîéñ�éÍÑ�òÅÇÉÓÔÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÅ ÉÍÑ: �áÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÙ, ÏÂÑÚÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÄÌÑ ÄÌÉÎÎÙÈ ËÌÀÞÅÊ, ÏÂÑÚÁÔÅÌØÎÙ É ÄÌÑ ËÏÒÏÔËÉÈ.
�ïÛÉÂËÁ ×ÙÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ�éíñ�éÍÑ�îÅÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÏÅ ÉÍÑ ÉÌÉ ÓÅÒ×ÉÓ�ó ÄÁÎÎÙÍ ÉÍÅÎÅÍ ÈÏÓÔÁ ÎÅ ÁÓÓÏÃÉÉÒÏ×ÁÎ ÁÄÒÅÓ�îÅ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÍÙÊ ÓÂÏÊ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÅÎÉÑ ÉÍÅÎ�õÓÐÅÈ�ðÒÉ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÉÉ ÂÅÚ ÕÐÌÏÔÎÅÎÉÑ ÐÏ×ÔÏÒÏ× ÍÏÖÎÏ ÚÁÄÁÔØ Ä×Å ÔÏÌØËÏ ÏÄÎÕ ÔÁÂÌÉÃÕ.�ëÌÀÞÉ, ÚÁÄÁÀÝÉÅ ÐÏÒÑÄÏË:

�ïÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ ËÌÀÞÉ:

-c, --check      ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÑÔØ, ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÙ ÌÉ ×ÈÏÄÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ; ÎÅ ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ
  -k, --key=ðïú1[,ðïú2]
                   ÎÁÞÉÎÁÔØ ËÌÀÞ × ðïú1 É ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÁÔØ ÎÁ ðïú2 (ÏÔÓÞÅÔ ÏÔ 1)
  -m, --merge      ÏÂßÅÄÉÎÑÔØ ÕÖÅ ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÎÅ ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ
  -o, --output=æáêì  ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ × æáêì, Á ÎÅ ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ
  -s, --stable     ÓÔÁÂÉÌÉÚÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ËÕ, ÉÓËÌÀÞÉ× ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÕ ÎÁ ÒÁ×ÅÎÓÔ×Ï
  -S, --buffer-size=òáúíåò
                   ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ × ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÊ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÂÕÆÅÒ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÇÏ òáúíåòá
�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÛÁÎÎÙÊ ÁÌÆÁ×ÉÔÎÙÊ ÕËÁÚÁÔÅÌØ ÓÌÏ× ×ÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×, ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ ËÏÎÔÅËÓÔ.

�÷ÙÄÁÅÔ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ LS_COLORS.

úÁÄÁÔØ ÆÏÒÍÁÔ ×Ù×ÏÄÁ:
  -b, --sh, --bourne-shell    ×Ù×ÅÓÔÉ ËÏÄ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ LS_COLORS ×
                               Bourne shell
  -c, --csh, --c-shell        ×Ù×ÅÓÔÉ ËÏÄ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ LS_COLORS × C shell
  -p, --print-database        ×Ù×ÅÓÔÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ
      --help                  ÐÏËÁÚÁÔØ ÐÏÍÏÝØ É ×ÙÊÔÉ
      --version               ×Ù×ÅÓÔÉ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï ×ÅÒÓÉÉ É ×ÙÊÔÉ
�éÓÞÅÒÐÁÎÙ ÓÕÆÆÉËÓÙ ÄÌÑ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×�÷Ù×ÏÄÉÔ ÆÉËÓÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÁ ÞÁÓÔÉ æáêìá × ÆÁÊÌÙ ðòåæéëóaa,
ðòåæéëóab, ...; ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ÞÁÓÔÉ ÒÁ×ÅÎ 1000 ÓÔÒÏË, Á ðòåæéëó
ÒÁ×ÅÎ `x'.  åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ ÉÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ
××ÏÄ.

�÷Ù×ÏÄÉÔ ÞÁÓÔÉ æáêìá, ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÅ ïâòáúãïí (ïâòáúãáíé), × ÆÁÊÌÙ `xx00',
`xx01', ... É ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÞÉÓÌÏ ÂÁÊÔ × ËÁÖÄÏÊ ÞÁÓÔÉ ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.

�÷Ù×ÏÄÉÔ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ Ó æáêìïí.
åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ %s.  þÁÓÔÏ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å æáêìá
ÚÁÄÁÀÔ %s.

�ðÅÒÅÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÒÁÚ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÄÌÑ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÂÏÌÅÅ
ÓÌÏÖÎÙÍ ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÄÁÖÅ Ó ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ ÏÞÅÎØ ÄÏÒÏÇÏÇÏ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ.

�PID�ðÅÒÅÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ ÎÏÍÅÒÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ�òÁÚÂÉ×ÁÅÔ æáêì(Ù) ÎÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ ÉÌÉ ËÏÌÏÎËÉ ÄÌÑ ÐÅÞÁÔÉ.

�îÅÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ ÚÁËÏÄÉÒÏ×ÁÎÁ ÓÔÒÏËÁ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ×�ðÁÒÏÌØ:�ðÌÁÎ:
�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ áòçõíåîô(Ù) × ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÍ æïòíáôå.

�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÕÀ ÓÕÍÍÕ (CRC) É ÞÉÓÌÏ ÂÁÊÔ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ æáêìá.

�÷Ù×ÏÄÉÔ éíñ ÂÅÚ ÐÒÅÄÛÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏ×.
åÓÌÉ ÕËÁÚÁÎÏ, ÕÄÁÌÑÅÔ ÔÁËÖÅ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÁÀÝÉÊ óõææéëó.

�÷Ù×ÏÄÉÔ éíñ, ÕÄÁÌÉ× ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÕ ÓÐÒÁ×Á ÏÔ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÊ ËÏÓÏÊ ÞÅÒÔÙ; ÅÓÌÉ éíñ ÎÅ
ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ËÏÓÏÊ ÞÅÒÔÙ, ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔ `.' (ÔÏ ÅÓÔØ ÔÅËÕÝÉÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ).

�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÅ Ó×ÅÄÅÎÉÑ Ï ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ.  åÓÌÉ ëìàþ ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ,
ÐÏÄÒÁÚÕÍÅ×ÁÅÔÓÑ -s.

-a, --all          ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ×ÓÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ, × ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÍ ÐÏÒÑÄËÅ,
                       ËÒÏÍÅ -p É -i, ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎÉ ÎÅÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÙ:
  -s, --kernel-name  ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÉÍÑ ÑÄÒÁ
  -n, --nodename     ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÉÍÑ ÍÁÛÉÎÙ × ÓÅÔÉ
  -r, --release      ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÎÏÍÅÒ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ
�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÕÀ ÓÕÍÍÕ É ÞÉÓÌÏ ÂÌÏËÏ× ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ æáêìá.

-r              ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÍÅÔÏÄ ×ÙÞÉÓÌÅÎÉÑ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÙÈ ÓÕÍÍ ËÁË × BSD,
                  ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ÂÌÏËÁ 1K
  -s, --sysv      ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÍÅÔÏÄ ×ÙÞÉÓÌÅÎÉÑ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÙÈ ÓÕÍÍ ËÁË × System V,
                  ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ÂÌÏËÁ 512 ÂÁÊÔ
�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ Ó×ÅÄÅÎÉÑ Ï ðïìøúï÷áôåìå, ÉÌÉ Ï ÔÅËÕÝÅÍ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅ.

-a              ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ, ××ÅÄÅÎÏ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÌÑ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ
  -g, --group     ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ID ÇÒÕÐÐÙ
  -G, --groups    ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÇÒÕÐÐÙ
  -n, --name      ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÉÍÑ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÎÏÍÅÒÁ, ÄÌÑ ËÌÀÞÅÊ -ugG
  -r, --real      ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ, Á ÎÅ ÜÆÆÅËÔÉ×ÎÙÅ ID, ÄÌÑ ËÌÀÞÅÊ -ugG
  -u, --user      ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ID ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ
�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÞÉÓÌÏ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÏ× ÓÔÒÏË, ÓÌÏ× É ÂÁÊÔ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ æáêìá É
ÉÔÏÇÏ×ÕÀ ÓÔÒÏËÕ, ÅÓÌÉ ÂÙÌÏ ÚÁÄÁÎÏ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ æáêìï÷.  åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ
ÚÁÄÁÎ ÉÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ.
  -c, --bytes            ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÞÉÓÌÏ ÂÁÊÔ
  -m, --chars            ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÞÉÓÌÏ ÚÎÁËÏ×
  -l, --lines            ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÞÉÓÌÏ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÏ× ÓÔÒÏË
�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÞÉÓÌÁ ÏÔ ðåò÷ïçï ÄÏ ðïóìåäîåçï Ó ÛÁÇÏÍ ðòéòïóô.

-f, --format æïòíáô      ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ æïòíáô × ÓÔÉÌÅ printf (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ %g)
  -s, --separator óôòïëá   ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ óôòïëõ ËÁË ÒÁÚÄÅÌÉÔÅÌØ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ \n)
  -w, --equal-width        ×ÙÒÁ×ÎÉ×ÁÔØ ÐÏ ÛÉÒÉÎÅ, ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÑ × ÎÁÞÁÌÏ ÎÕÌÉ
�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÉÌÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÑÅÔ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ.

-a, --all       ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ×ÓÅ ÔÅËÕÝÉÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ × ÆÏÒÍÅ, ÐÏÎÑÔÎÏÊ ÞÅÌÏ×ÅËÕ
  -g, --save      ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ×ÓÅ ÔÅËÕÝÉÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ × ÆÏÒÍÅ, ÐÏÎÑÔÎÏÊ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ
                  stty
  -F, --file=õóôòïêóô÷ï
                  ÏÔËÒÙÔØ É ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÅ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï ×ÍÅÓÔÏ
                  ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÏÇÏ ××ÏÄÁ
�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ×ÙÂÒÁÎÎÙÅ ÞÁÓÔÉ ÓÔÒÏË ÉÚ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ æáêìá ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.

�÷Ù×ÏÄÉÔ ÔÅËÕÝÅÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ, ÏÂÝÅÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÎÅÐÒÅÒÙ×ÎÏÊ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ÞÉÓÌÏ
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ É ÓÒÅÄÎÅÅ ÞÉÓÌÏ ÚÁÄÁÎÉÊ × ÏÞÅÒÅÄÉ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ ÚÁ
ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÅ 1, 5 É 15 ÍÉÎÕÔ.
åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ %s.  þÁÓÔÏ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å æáêìá ÚÁÄÁÀÔ %s.

�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÉÍÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÄÌÑ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ, ÐÒÉÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÎÏÇÏ Ë ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÏÍÕ ××ÏÄÕ.

-s, --silent, --quiet   ÎÅ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ, ÔÏÌØËÏ ×ÅÒÎÕÔØ ×ÙÈÏÄÎÏÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ
�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÐÅÒ×ÙÅ 10 ÓÔÒÏË ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ æáêìá ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.
åÓÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎÏ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ æáêìï÷, ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÚÁÇÏÌÏ×ÏË Ó ÉÍÅÎÅÍ ÆÁÊÌÁ.
åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ ÉÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ.

�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÐÏÌÎÏÅ ÉÍÑ ÔÅËÕÝÅÇÏ ÒÁÂÏÞÅÇÏ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ.

�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÅ %d ÓÔÒÏË ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÉÚ æáêìï÷ ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.
åÓÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎÏ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ æáêìï÷, ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÚÁÇÏÌÏ×ÏË Ó ÉÍÅÎÅÍ ÆÁÊÌÁ.
åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ ÉÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ.

�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÉÍÑ ÔÅËÕÝÅÇÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ.

�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÐÒÏÓÔÙÅ ÍÎÏÖÉÔÅÌÉ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ þéóìá.

�îÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÉÍÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ, ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÅ ÔÅËÕÝÅÍÕ ÜÆÆÅËÔÉ×ÎÏÍÕ id
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ.  áÎÁÌÏÇÉÞÎÏ ×ÙÚÏ×Õ id -un.

�éÄÅÔ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÁ ÚÁÐÒÏÓÁ�ðÒÏÅËÔ: �ðÅÒÅÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÕÅÔ ËÁÖÄÙÊ ÁÂÚÁÃ × æáêìå(ÁÈ) É ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.
åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ ÉÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ.

�õÄÁÌÑÅÔ (ÓÎÉÍÁÅÔ ÖÅÓÔËÕÀ ÓÓÙÌËÕ) æáêì(Ù).

-d, --directory       ÕÄÁÌÑÅÔ ÖÅÓÔËÕÀ ÓÓÙÌËÕ ÎÁ æáêì, ÄÁÖÅ ÅÓÌÉ ÜÔÏ ÎÅÐÕÓÔÏÊ
                          ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ (ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÌÑ ÓÕÐÅÒÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ; ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ
                          ÎÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ, ÇÄÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ `unlink' ÄÌÑ ÎÅÐÕÓÔÙÈ
                          ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏ×)
  -f, --force           ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÎÅÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÎÅ ÚÁÐÒÁÛÉ×ÁÔØ
  -i, --interactive     ÚÁÐÒÁÛÉ×ÁÔØ ÐÏÄÔ×ÅÒÖÄÅÎÉÅ ÐÅÒÅÄ ËÁÖÄÙÍ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÉÅÍ
�õÄÁÌÑÅÔ DIRECTORY, ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎÉ ÐÕÓÔÙ.

--ignore-fail-on-non-empty
                  ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ×ÓÅ ÏÛÉÂËÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×ÏÚÎÉËÁÀÔ ÉÚ-ÚÁ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏ
                   ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ ÎÅ ÐÕÓÔ
�ðÅÒÅÉÍÅÎÏ×Ù×ÁÅÔ SOURCE × DEST, ÉÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÎÏÓÉÔ SOURCE(Ù) × DIRECTORY.

�îÅÐÒÅÒÙ×ÎÏ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÕÀ óôòïëõ (óôòïëé) ÉÌÉ, ÅÓÌÉ óôòïë ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎÏ, `y'.

�úÁÐÒÏÓ ÏÔÍÅÎÅÎ�úÁÐÒÏÓ ÎÅ ÏÔÍÅÎÅÎ�úÁÐÕÓËÁÅÔ ëïíáîäõ Ó ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÎÙÍ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅÍ nice, ÞÔÏ ×ÌÉÑÅÔ ÎÁ ÐÒÉÏÒÉÔÅÔ
ÄÌÑ ÐÌÁÎÉÒÏ×ÝÉËÁ.  åÓÌÉ ëïíáîäá ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎÁ, ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÔÅËÕÝÅÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ
nice.  äÏÐÕÓÔÉÍÙ ÐÒÅÄÅÌÙ ÏÔ %d (ÎÁÉÂÏÌØÛÉÊ ÐÒÉÏÒÉÔÅÔ) ÄÏ %d
(ÎÁÉÍÅÎØÛÉÊ).

-n, --adjustment=N   Õ×ÅÌÉÞÉÔØ nice ÎÁ ÃÅÌÏÅ ÞÉÓÌÏ N (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ 10)
�÷ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÔ ëïíáîäõ Ó ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÍ ËÏÒÎÅ×ÙÍ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏÍ.

�÷ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÔ ëïíáîäõ ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÑ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÙ ÏÂÒÙ×Á ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌØÎÏÊ ÌÉÎÉÉ.

�ðÏÓÙÌÁÅÔ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁÍ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÙ ÉÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÑÅÔ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÙ.

�Servname ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÄÌÑ ai_socktype�þÔÏÂÙ ÏÂÏÊÔÉ ÜÔÕ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÕ, ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÅ LC_ALL='C'.�ðÒÉÓ×ÁÉ×ÁÅÔ ËÁÖÄÏÍÕ éíåîé ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÅ úîáþåîéå É ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÅÔ ëïíáîäõ × ÜÔÏÊ
ÓÒÅÄÅ.

-i, --ignore-environment   ÎÁÞÁÔØ Ó ÐÕÓÔÏÊ ÓÒÅÄÏÊ
  -u, --unset=éíñ            ÕÄÁÌÉÔØ ÉÚ ÓÒÅÄÙ éíñ
�ïÂÏÌÏÞËÁ: �ðÏËÁÚÁÔØ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ, ÎÁ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÒÁÓÐÏÌÏÖÅÎ ËÁÖÄÙÊ
ÉÚ æáêìï÷, ÉÌÉ, ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, ÏÂÏ ×ÓÅÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ.

�äÌÑ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÕËÁÚÁÎÙ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÊ É ×ÔÏÒÏÓÔÅÐÅÎÎÙÊ ÎÏÍÅÒÁ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á.�óÕÍÍÉÒÕÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÄÉÓËÏ×ÏÇÏ ÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÓÔ×Á ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ FILE, Ó ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁÍÉ.

�óÉÓÔÅÍÎÁÑ ÏÛÉÂËÁ�÷òåíñ�÷ÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÊ ÓÂÏÊ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÅÎÉÑ ÉÍÅÎ�ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÓÕÆÆÉËÓ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÁÓÎÙÈ ËÏÐÉÊ ~, ÅÓÌÉ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ
ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX ÉÌÉ ËÌÀÞ --suffix. óÐÏÓÏÂ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ
×ÅÒÓÉÊ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÍÏÝÉ ËÌÀÞÁ --backup ÉÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ
ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ VERSION_CONTROL. äÏÐÕÓÔÉÍÙÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ:

�óÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ËÌÀÞÉ ×ÌÉÑÀÔ ÎÁ ÓÐÏÓÏÂ ÏÂÈÏÄÁ ÉÅÒÁÒÈÉÉ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏ× ÐÒÉ
ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÍ ËÌÀÞÅ -R.  åÓÌÉ ÕËÁÚÁÎÏ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÜÔÉÈ ËÌÀÞÅÊ, ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÕÅÔ
ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÊ.

-H                     ÅÓÌÉ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÏÊ
                         ÓÓÙÌËÏÊ ÎÁ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ, ÐÅÒÅÊÔÉ ÐÏ ÎÅÊ
  -L                     ÐÅÒÅÈÏÄÉÔØ ÐÏ ÌÀÂÏÊ ×ÓÔÒÅÞÅÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÏÊ ÓÓÙÌËÅ ÎÁ
                         ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ
  -P                     ÎÅ ÐÅÒÅÈÏÄÉÔØ ÐÏ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ ÓÓÙÌËÁÍ (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ)

�óÒÁ×ÎÉ×ÁÌÉÓØ ÓÔÒÏËÉ %s %s.�üÔÏ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ, ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÅÍÏÅ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, ÎÅÖÅÌÁÔÅÌØÎÏ, ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÁ
ÓÁÍÏÍ ÄÅÌÅ ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÉÔØ ÚÁ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÔÅÌØÎÙÍ ÉÍÅÎÅÍ ÆÁÊÌÁ, Á ÎÅ ÚÁ ÄÅÓËÒÉÐÔÏÒÏÍ
(ÐÒÉÍÅÒ -- ×ÒÁÝÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌØÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×).  ÷ ÔÁËÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ
--follow=name.  üÔÏ ÚÁÓÔÁ×ÉÔ tail ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔØ ÚÁ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÍ ÆÁÊÌÏÍ, ÐÏ×ÔÏÒÎÏ
ÏÔËÒÙ×ÁÑ ÅÇÏ ÐÅÒÉÏÄÉÞÅÓËÉ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÕÚÎÁÔØ, ÎÅ ÂÙÌ ÌÉ ÏÎ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ É ÚÁÎÏ×Ï ÓÏÚÄÁÎ
ËÁËÏÊ-ÔÏ ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÏÊ.
�üÔÁ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÑÅÔÓÑ × ÎÁÄÅÖÄÅ, ÞÔÏ ÏÎÁ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏÊ, ÎÏ âåú
ëáëéè-ìéâï çáòáîôéê; ÄÁÖÅ ÂÅÚ ÐÏÄÒÁÚÕÍÅ×ÁÅÍÙÈ ÇÁÒÁÎÔÉÊ ëïííåòþåóëïê ãåîîïóôé ÉÌÉ
ðòéçïäîïóôé äìñ ëïîëòåôîïê ãåìé.  äÌÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ
ÓÍÏÔÒÉÔÅ õÎÉ×ÅÒÓÁÌØÎÕÀ ïÂÝÅÓÔ×ÅÎÎÕÀ ìÉÃÅÎÚÉÀ GNU.

�üÔÏ Ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÁÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ; ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÑÔØ É/ÉÌÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÑÔØ ÅÅ ÐÒÉ
ÓÏÂÌÀÄÅÎÉÉ ÕÓÌÏ×ÉÊ õÎÉ×ÅÒÓÁÌØÎÏÊ ïÂÝÅÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏÊ ìÉÃÅÎÚÉÉ GNU, ÏÐÕÂÌÉËÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ
æÏÎÄÏÍ ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÏÇÏ ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÇÏ ïÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÑ, ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 2 ÉÌÉ ÌÀÂÏÊ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÚÄÎÅÊ
(ÐÏ ×ÁÛÅÍÕ ÕÓÍÏÔÒÅÎÉÀ).

�ðÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÕÅÔ, ÕÐÌÏÔÎÑÅÔ É/ÉÌÉ ÕÄÁÌÑÅÔ ÚÎÁËÉ ÓÏ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÏÇÏ ××ÏÄÁ É
ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.

-c, -C, --complement    ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ ôáâìéãù1
  -d, --delete            ÕÄÁÌÑÔØ ÚÎÁËÉ ÉÚ ôáâìéãù1, ÎÅ ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×Ù×ÁÔØ
  -s, --squeeze-repeats   ÚÁÍÅÝÁÔØ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ ÐÏ×ÔÏÒÑÀÝÉÈÓÑ ÚÎÁËÏ× ÉÚ
                            ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÅÎÎÙÈ × ôáâìéãå1 ÎÁ ÅÄÉÎÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÊ ÔÁËÏÊ ÚÎÁË
  -t, --truncate-set1     ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÓÏËÒÁÔÉÔØ ôáâìéãõ1 ÄÏ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÁ ôáâìéãù2
�ðÏÐÒÏÂÕÊÔÅ `%s --help' ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏÇÏ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÉÑ.
�ðÏÐÒÏÂÕÊÔÅ `%s ./%s', ÞÔÏÂÙ ÕÄÁÌÉÔØ ÆÁÊÌ %s.
�ðÒÉ ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÚÁÄÁÔØ Ä×Å ÔÁÂÌÉÃÙ.�îÅÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÁÑ ÏÛÉÂËÁ�îÅÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÁÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÁÑ ÏÛÉÂËÁ�ïÂÎÏ×ÉÔØ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÁ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ É ÍÏÄÉÆÉËÁÃÉÉ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÄÏ ÔÅËÕÝÅÇÏ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ

�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÞÉÓÌÏ×ÏÊ ÉÄÅÎÔÉÆÉËÁÔÏÒ (ÛÅÓÔÎÁÄÃÁÔÅÒÉÞÎÙÊ) ÔÅËÕÝÅÊ ÍÁÛÉÎÙ.

�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s ëïíáîäá [áòçõíåîô]...
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s ÷ùòáöåîéå
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s æáêì
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s æáêì1 æáêì2
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s æïòíáô [áòçõíåîô]...
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s éíñ
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s éíñ [óõææéëó]
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s ëáôáìïç [ëïíáîäá...]
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s þéóìï[óõææéëó]
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
ðÒÉÏÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ ÎÁ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ þéóìï ÓÅËÕÎÄ.  óõææéëóá ÍÏÖÅÔ
ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÔØ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ `s', ÞÔÏ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ ÓÅËÕÎÄÙ (ÐÒÉÍÅÎÑÅÔÓÑ ÐÏ
ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ), `m' -- ÍÉÎÕÔÙ, `h' -- ÞÁÓÙ É `d' -- ÄÎÉ.  ÷ ÏÔÌÉÞÉÅ ÏÔ
ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÊ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÔÒÅÂÕÀÔ, ÞÔÏÂÙ þéóìï ÂÙÌÏ ÃÅÌÙÍ, ÚÄÅÓØ ÏÎÏ
ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ ÞÉÓÌÏÍ Ó ÐÌÁ×ÁÀÝÅÊ ÚÁÐÑÔÏÊ.

�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s éíñ_ðïìøúï÷áôåìñ ëïíáîäá [áòçõíåîô]...
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [-ãéæòù] [ëìàþ]... [æáêì]...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [-F õóôòïêóô÷ï] [--file=õóôòïêóô÷ï] [õóôáîï÷ëá]...
       ÉÌÉ:    %s [-F õóôòïêóô÷ï] [--file=õóôòïêóô÷ï] [-a|--all]
       ÉÌÉ:    %s [-F õóôòïêóô÷ï] [--file=õóôòïêóô÷ï] [-g|--save]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [-s óéçîáì | -óéçîáì] PID...
      ÉÌÉ:  %s -l [óéçîáì]...
      ÉÌÉ:  %s -t [óéçîáì]...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [æáêì]...
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [éíñ]
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÉÌÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔ ÉÍÑ ÄÁÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ.

�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [þéóìï]...
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ïðåòáîä]...
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþé] æáêì [...]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ] ëáôáìïç...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ] æáêì...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ] éíñ...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ] [ëïíáîäá [áòç]...]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ] [æáêì]
ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÐÏÌÎÏÓÔØÀ ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÊ ÓÐÉÓÏË, ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ ÞÁÓÔÉÞÎÏÊ ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ËÅ
× ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÍ æáêìå.  åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ ÉÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ.

�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ] [æáêì]...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ] [æáêì]...
ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÉÌÉ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÑÅÔ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÙÅ ÓÕÍÍÙ %s (%d-ÂÉÔÎÙÅ).
åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ ÉÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ.
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ] [÷èïä [ðòåæéëó]]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... ëáôáìïç...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [æáêì]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... æáêì ïâòáúåã...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... æáêì...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... æáêì1 æáêì2
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... çòõððá æáêì...
       ÉÌÉ:    %s [ëìàþ]... --reference=ïæáêì æáêì...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... ðïóìåäîéê
       ÉÌÉ:    %s [ëìàþ]... ðåò÷ùê ðïóìåäîéê
       ÉÌÉ:    %s [ëìàþ]... ðåò÷ùê ðòéòïóô ðïóìåäîéê
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... òåöéí[,òåöéí]... æáêì
       ÉÌÉ:    %s [ëìàþ]... ÷ïóøí-òåöéí æáêì...
       ÉÌÉ:    %s [ëìàþ]... --reference=ïæáêì æáêì...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... éíñ ôéð [ïóîï÷îïê ÷ôïòïóôåðåîîùê]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... éíñ...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... îáâïò1 [îáâïò2]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [ æáêì ]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [ æáêì | áòç1 áòç2]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [+æïòíáô]
       ÉÌÉ:    %s [-u|--utc|--universal] [ííääÞÞÍÍ[[÷÷]çç][.ÓÓ]]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [-T] éóôïþîéë îáúîáþåîéå
       ÉÌÉ:    %s [ëìàþ]... éóôïþîéë... ëáôáìïç
       ÉÌÉ:    %s [ëìàþ]... -t ëáôáìïç éóôïþîéë...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [-T] éóôïþîéë îáúîáþåîéå
       ÉÌÉ:    %s [ëìàþ]... éóôïþîéë... ëáôáìïç
       ÉÌÉ:    %s [ëìàþ]... -t ëáôáìïç éóôïþîéë...
       ÉÌÉ:    %s [ëìàþ]... -d ëáôáìïç...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [-T] ãåìø éíñ_óóùìëé   (1-ÁÑ ÆÏÒÍÁ)
         ÉÌÉ:  %s [ëìàþ]... ãåìø                   (2-ÁÑ ÆÏÒÍÁ)
         ÉÌÉ:  %s [ëìàþ]... ãåìø... ëáôáìïç        (3-Ñ ÆÏÒÍÁ)
         ÉÌÉ:  %s [ëìàþ]... -t ëáôáìïç ãåìø...     (4-ÁÑ ÆÏÒÍÁ)
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [-] [éíñ=úîáþåîéå]... [ëïíáîäá [áòç]...]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [-] [ðïìøúï÷áôåìø [áòç]...]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [æáêì]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [æáêì]...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [æáêì]...
       ÉÌÉ:    %s [-abcdfilosx]... [æáêì] [[+]óíåýåîéå[.][b]]
       ÉÌÉ:    %s --traditional [ëìàþ]... [æáêì] [[+]óíåýåîéå[.][b] [+][íåôëá][.][b]]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [æáêì]...
       ÉÌÉ:    %s [ëìàþ]... --files0-from=æ
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [÷èïä [÷ùèïä]]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [÷èïä]... (ÂÅÚ -G)
       ÉÌÉ:    %s -G [ëìàþ]... [÷èïä [÷ùèïä]]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [÷ìáäåìåã][:[çòõððá]] æáêì...
       ÉÌÉ:    %s [ëìàþ]... --reference=ïæáêì æáêì...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [óôòïëá]...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [ðïìøúï÷áôåìø]
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ëìàþ]... [ðïìøúï÷áôåìø]...
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [óôòïëá]...
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ðåòåíåîîáñ]...
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
åÓÌÉ ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎÁ ðåòåíåîîáñ ÓÒÅÄÙ, ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÉÈ ×ÓÅ.

�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: %s [ ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÅÍÙÅ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÙ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ]
       ÉÌÉ:    %s ëìàþ
�éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ: test ÷ùòáöåîéå
  ÉÌÉ:  test
  ÉÌÉ:  [ ÷ùòáöåîéå ]
  ÉÌÉ:  [ ]
  ÉÌÉ:  [ ëìàþ
�÷ÅÒÎÙÅ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÙ:�äÏÐÕÓÔÉÍÙÅ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÎÙÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ ÄÌÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ:

%a   þÉÓÌÏ Ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÙÈ ÂÌÏËÏ×, ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙÈ ÄÌÑ ÏÂÙÞÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ
  %b   ðÏÌÎÏÅ ÞÉÓÌÏ ÂÌÏËÏ× ÄÁÎÎÙÈ × ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ
  %c   ðÏÌÎÏÅ ÞÉÓÌÏ ÎÏÄ × ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ
  %d   þÉÓÌÏ Ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÎÏÄ × ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ
  %f   þÉÓÌÏ Ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÙÈ ÂÌÏËÏ× × ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ
�÷îéíáîéå: ãÉËÌÉÞÅÓËÁÑ ÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÁ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ.
óËÏÒÅÅ ×ÓÅÇÏ, ÜÔÏ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ ×ÁÛÁ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÁÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ÐÏ×ÒÅÖÄÅÎÁ.
õ÷åäïíéôå ÷áûåçï óéóôåíîïçï áäíéîéóôòáôïòá.
óÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÞÁÓÔØÀ ÃÉËÌÁ:
 %s
�ðòåäõðòåöäåîéå: ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ --si, Á ÎÅ -H; ÓÍÙÓÌ ËÌÀÞÁ -H ÓËÏÒÏ ÂÕÄÅÔ
ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎ É ÓÔÁÎÅÔ ÔÁËÉÍ ÖÅ ËÁË Õ --dereference-args (-D)�ðÒÅÄÕÐÒÅÖÄÅÎÉÅ: �ðÒÅÄÕÐÒÅÖÄÅÎÉÅ: ËÌÀÞ -i ÂÕÄÅÔ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ × ÂÕÄÕÝÅÍ ×ÙÐÕÓËÅ; ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ
×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÎÅÇÏ -u�ëÏÇÄÁ�çÄÅ�ó ËÌÀÞÏÍ --follow (-f), tail ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÓÌÅÄÕÅÔ ÚÁ ÄÅÓËÒÉÐÔÏÒÏÍ ÆÁÊÌÁ, ÞÔÏ
ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ ÄÁÖÅ ÅÓÌÉ ÆÁÊÌ ÐÅÒÅÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎ, tail ÂÕÄÅÔ É ÄÁÌÅÅ ÓÌÅÄÉÔØ ÚÁ ÅÇÏ
ËÏÎÃÏÍ.  �òÁÚÂÉ×ÁÅÔ ÓÔÒÏËÉ × æáêìå(ÁÈ) (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ) É ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ
ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.

�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ æáêìù ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ, ÎÁÞÉÎÁÑ Ó ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ.
åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ ÉÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ.

�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ËÁÖÄÙÊ æáêì ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ, ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÑ ÎÏÍÅÒÁ ÓÔÒÏË.
åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ ÉÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ.

�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ ÓÔÒÏËÉ, ÓÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÎÙÅ ÉÚ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ ÓÔÒÏË
×ÈÏÄÎÙÈ æáêìï÷, ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÈ ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÅÊ.
åÓÌÉ æáêì ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎ ÉÌÉ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË -, ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ.

�ðÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÓÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÅ ÓÌÉÑÎÉÅ ×ÓÅÈ æáêì(Ï×) ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.

�á×ÔÏÒÙ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ -- %s É %s.
�á×ÔÏÒÙ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ -- %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s É ÄÒÕÇÉÅ.
�á×ÔÏÒÙ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ --  %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, %s, %s,
%s É %s.
�á×ÔÏÒÙ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ -- %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, %s, %s
É %s.
�á×ÔÏÒÙ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ -- %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, %s É %s.
�á×ÔÏÒÙ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ -- %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s É %s.
�á×ÔÏÒÙ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ -- %s, %s, %s,
%s É %s.
�á×ÔÏÒÙ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ --  %s, %s, %s
É %s.
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